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无人机种树,一年十亿棵

2017-09-01 05:35:53   中国青年网

无人机播种成本是传统造林方法的15%,目前无人机播种速度可以实现约一秒一个,一年内种下10亿棵树的“小目标”可以轻松实现。

无人机的出现不仅为人们的生活增添了许多乐趣,也提供了各种各样的便利,除了拍照、送快递等功能,无人机还能为地球的生态环境尽一份力。英国初创公司“生碳工程”(Biocarbon Engineering)就研制出了一款种树无人机,它可以代替传统人力进行空中播种,一名无人机操控人员可以同时监控六架无人机,进而达到每人每天种植10万棵树的效率。

“生碳工程”创始人Lauren Fletcher曾经是美国航空航天局的一名工程师。这份工作经历让他看到逐渐兴起的遥感技术和机器智能技术已经成为一种不可抗拒的趋势,而无人机技术更是创业的商机。于是,他有了一个大胆的想法:将这三种高科技结合起来,用于植树造林。

“生碳工程”将无人机的播种策略称作“高精度林业”,在播种过程中,需要两种不同类型的无人机进行配合。

首先是第一组无人机——勘察无人机出场,这是一种固定翼无人机,用来对地势进行勘察。它们在超过地面300英尺的空中飞行,搜集有关地形和土壤品质的详细资料,画出3D地形图,同时画出播种路线图,设定播种的最优路线。

紧接着,第二组无人机——播种无人机上场,它和我们平时熟悉的旋翼无人机形态相似,这种构造能够保证无人机的稳定性,并增加其载重量。播种无人机的飞行高度在1米到2米之间,由于树木种子被装在了可降解的容器中,因此能够在播种时被迅速“投掷”进目标地点的土壤中,这些容器里还装有许多经压缩的营养物质,以保证种子的成活率。完成播种后,无人机还可以监测后期的植被效果,甚至植株的健康状况等。

“生碳工程”表示,无人机播种所需成本只是传统造林方法的15%,但速度完全不是人工造林所能比的,公司创始人透露,自己原来只是定了一年种10亿棵树的“小目标”,可喜的是,目前无人机播种速度可以实现约一秒一个,照这样的效率,仅用60组无人机就能够在一年内种下10亿棵树,“小目标”可以轻轻松松地实现。

此前,一些地区已经开始使用直升机种树,直升机将种子从空中撒下,但这些种子可能碰到石头,或掉入沼泽地,存活率相对较低。相比之下,体积较小的无人机可以更加灵活地飞行,其播种误差仅在几厘米的范围内。

据悉,“生碳工程”将与一个非营利组织合作,开始在缅甸实现无人机种树。目前,缅甸居民已经在750公顷的土地上种树,无人机将协助人们在另外的250公顷土地上种下100万棵树,居民们就可以专注于照顾已经种下的新树。

“因木材、开矿、农耕和城区扩张,全球的森林都遭到大范围毁坏,每年大概有260亿棵树被砍掉。我们认为这样大规模的工业伐林,只能用最新的自动化技术来与之抗衡。”“生碳工程”表示,公司运用大规模再造树林的理念,计划在未来5年到7年内,实现每年在50万公顷的土地上种植10亿棵树的目标。

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