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网络文学新人奖引导网络文学走向主流

2017-08-31 05:10:37   中国青年网

经过近20年的快速发展,我国的网络文学已进入到一个重要的窗口转型期和内容提质期,推进网络文学的主流化与精品化,成为当下网络文学发展的必然。近日启动的“茅盾文学新人奖·网络文学新人奖”评选活动即是有助于此的一个重要举措。

两年一届的“茅盾文学新人奖”是一个为培养、扶持文学人才,奖励取得相当文学成就的青年作家、评论家而设立的。现在,这一传统文学的重要奖项增设“网络文学新人奖”,不仅是对新兴的网络文学和网络文学创作者的认同、肯定与激励,更是促进网络文学日益规范化的一个有效抓手,是网络作家确立作家身份、进入主流文学体系的标志性事件。

由于传媒载体、创作主体、生产方式、功能作用等各方面的差异,让网络文学与传统文学同台比拼,显然不在同一量级上,它们的所长所短不难分辨。时下的网络文学在生产方式、即时传播、大众阅读、市场适应性乃至类型多样化等方面确有传统文学未可及之处,但在总体质量上还不足以与传统文学相媲美。

文学从来都有不同的入口,我们反对媒介霸权,同时也不应该有媒介歧视,如果能让网络文学在发挥媒介之长的同时,又能吸取传统文学的创作经验,承传文学积淀的艺术品格,实现两种文学的融合发展,这对发展网络文学乃至网络时代的中国文学,都将是一种很好的选择。

基于此,我们面对网络文学时就需要从有利于这一文学的发展和网络作者成长出发,不断提高作品质量,促使其向主流文学靠近,而设置“网络文学新人奖”的意义正在于此。

事实上,经过近20年的积累,我国的网络文学在作品数量、读者规模和社会影响力上已经相当可观。最新统计表明,我国网民规模已达7.51亿,网络文学用户近3.53亿,占网民总数的46.9%,手机网络文学用户3.27亿,占手机网民的45.1%。这些数据是否就可以证明网络文学已经是“主流文学”了呢?其实不然。

所谓“主流”,不仅是一个量的概念,更在于其质的规定。它至少应该包括三层含义:一是能承接传统文学的艺术经验和审美品格,二是表达我们这个时代的核心价值观,三是足以引领特定时期的文学发展走向。从这个意义上说,还处于起步期的网络文学离真正的“主流”恐怕还有一定距离,需要从网络作家的主流意识培养入手,引导网络文学迈向主流。

经过了自由生长的“拓荒期”后,网络文学开始迈入“内容为王”时代,精品化创作成为业界共识。网络文学市场化曾经催生出劣币驱逐良币的现象,但这是一个大浪淘沙的过程,好的作品终究会留下来。从“产品为王”“渠道为王”进阶到如今的“内容为王”,这是网络文学发展的历史必然,而“内容为王”的更高境界便是“精品为王”。让更多优秀的网络作家能够回归文学本身,这是产生精品力作的基础。通过设立网络文学新人奖,引导、扶持更多年轻作家成为互联网时代下优秀的内容创作者,必将推动网络创作向精品力作看齐,助力网络文学从“高原”迈向“高峰”。

(作者:欧阳友权,系中南大学文学院教授、全国网络文学研究会会长)

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