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借古以开今(艺术走笔)

2017-08-31 03:20:39   中国青年网

福禄寿通景图

任 薰

“借古以开今”是清代画家石涛所言。纵观画史,自开新面而成大家者,必能穷究古今学艺之精深,又能参合造物之变化。继“山水篇”之后,江苏省美术馆再推“借古以开今——馆藏明清绘画专题展”的“人物花鸟篇”,遴选出近40位明清名家的70余幅作品,借众多名垂画史的大师大家作品,昭示代代积淀的笔墨法则、写意精神在绵延不断的传承中,呈现出风格多样的时代创新。

传统中国画的写意精神,是中华艺术独特的人文内涵。人物画求传对象之神韵,花鸟画求写物象之生意。对文人写意画而言,在“神韵”与“生意”之中灌注了创作主体的情感与性灵。这种追求主体精神境界的审美意识,在明清达到了高峰,艺术表现手法更为丰富,笔法墨法更臻成熟。

明清绘画发展兴盛。从地域上来看,明末清初的南京人文荟萃、清代前期的扬州富甲天下,鸦片战争后上海、广州开埠通商,一时间画家云集,创作、购藏活动鼎盛。从题材上来看,花鸟画大兴,“扬州八怪”“海上画派”画家多以此为主;仕女画、故事画盛行,源自文人、民间传统。从风格上来看,文人写意画成就卓著,各家各派发展成多种多样的画法形式,追求雅俗共赏的格调。作画既是“一枝一叶总关情”,又是“画梅乞米寻常事”;既突出画家个性,又切合民众需求,传统文人画充盈着新的创造活力。

本次展览以江苏和侨居江苏的画家为主,兼及浙江、上海、安徽、广东等其他地区画家。“金陵八家”“扬州八怪”代表江苏地域的风格流派;“海上画派”中江苏籍的有王素、沙馥、倪田,侨居江苏的有虚谷,此外还有常熟之杨晋、黄鼎,丹阳之蔡嘉,侨居扬州之张赐宁,丹徒之周镐,南京之司马钟,盐城之周贲如,扬州之陈崇光等,体现出江苏地域画家群体在画史上的重要地位与突出贡献。

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