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报告称京沪创新能力领跑全国 中西部创新发展能力明显提升

2017-08-30 17:06:43   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 柳青):中国科技部30日发布的一份报告显示,近五年来,中国区域创新能力显著增强,创新投入和科技成果转化由东部一枝独秀向东中西协同发展转变,北京、上海科技创新中心建设取得明显成效,中西部地区实力强劲,西部地区创新发展呈现出自身特色。中国已经形成格局特色的区域创新总体格局。

这份《中国区域创新能力监测报告2016-2017》显示,2015年,中国研发经费达到1.4万亿元人民币,比2011年增长了近50%。其中,地方政府持续加大创新投入力度,地方财政科技支出额近4000亿元,占国家财政科技支出的比重由49.6%提升为57%。

中国科技部创新发展司司长许倞表示,作为中关村国家自主创新示范区和张江国家自主创新示范区所在地,北京和上海的人力资本和研发机构的集聚水平、创新投入强度、知识创造的规模、技术成果扩散效应,对其他地区的辐射能力都遥遥领先于全国其他区域。北京和上海作为全国乃至全球科技创新中心的实力和地位已经初步显现。“北京和上海的研究开发(经费)投入强度分别达到6.01%和3.73%,达到发达国家或者国际创新型国家的投入强度和水平。北京和上海还是国内当之无愧的引领科技成果转化的策源地,输出技术成果成交额占全国的比重高达41.9%。”

许倞介绍说,江苏和广东作为区域创新和高新技术产业基地,创新投入的规模一直占据着全国第一和全国第二的位置,不论是创新经费投入还是创新人员投入,两省合计都超过全国的四分之一,浙江、山东紧随其后,创新投入总量和速度也达到了较大规模和较高的水平。许倞表示,东部沿海地区的突出特点在于高新技术的超常发展:“以高新区、自主创新示范区建设为契机,高新技术产业得到了迅速发展。江苏和广东的高技术产业增加值占全国比重达到四成以上,加上山东、浙江,占到了全国的半壁江山。同时知识密集型服务业也得到超常发展,江苏、广东知识密集型服务业增加值均已突破1万亿元,占全国的比重达到22.2%,加上了浙江和山东,就占到全国的40%。”

《监测报告》显示,湖北、重庆、四川和陕西的综合创新水平都有了明显的提升,科技成果和高技术输出能力显著增强,对中西部科技与经济发展的创新引领、带动和示范作用日益明显。许倞说,虽然西部地区创新产出规模低于中东部地区,但是增长速度明显加快:“从发明专利的拥有量看,广西增长了4.1倍,西藏、宁夏、新疆和青海均增长了2倍以上,高于东部地区的增速。西部地区的技术市场输出成果交易增速达到182.3%,远高于东部地区。与输出技术比较,西部地区吸纳技术的增长速度也更为显著,在技术市场上吸纳技术成果金额实际增速达到215.2%,高于东部地区。其中,云南、西藏、贵州的增速超过300%。”

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