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“借名买车”风险多多

2017-08-30 04:26:39   中国青年网

《北京市小客车数量调控暂行规定》实施至今已6年有余,“一号难求”的现象日益凸显,有的人因生活需要急需车牌号,但久摇不中;而有的人不急于使用车牌,只是抱着试试看的心态申请车牌,却意外中签。由于这种情况的客观存在,便出现了不需要车牌指标的人将车牌指标转让或者租赁给他人的现象,称“借名买车”。

大多情况下,“借名买车”中车牌所有人与车牌使用人会签订一份协议,通常会约定:车牌使用人出资购买车辆,将车辆登记在车牌所有人名下,车牌使用人实际使用和支配车辆,使用车牌指标,同时向车牌所有人支付一定的费用。但是近几年车牌使用人和车牌所有人之间的纠纷越来越多,法院受理有关“借名买车”的案件也越来越多。“借名买车”存在哪些法律风险呢?

协议不受法律保护

车牌指标所有人通过私下与第三人约定将行政管理部门发放的车牌指标给第三人使用的行为,不仅违反了《北京市小客车数量调控暂行规定》,还违反了《道路交通安全法实施条例》第103条和合同法第7条的规定。而且,根据合同法第52条的规定,车牌所有人与第三人签订的协议因违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定会被认定为无效,协议中双方约定的权利义务亦不受法律保护。

使用人可能车、牌两空

因“借名买车”,车辆登记在车牌所有人名下,而非出资购买车辆的车牌使用人名下。这样便产生了“车户分离”的现象。对于车牌使用人来讲,可能存在其购买的车辆被车辆登记所有人设定抵押的情形,影响车辆的使用;还可能存在当车辆登记所有人与他人涉及债务纠纷作为被申请执行人时,申请人申请执行登记在其名下的小客车,此时,车辆出资使用人还要通过向法院提起诉讼的方式对车辆进行确权,以保证该车辆不被执行。

所有人或承担事故赔偿责任

根据侵权责任法和道路交通安全法的相关规定,车辆发生交通事故应当先由车辆承保的机动车交通事故责任强制保险的保险公司在保险限额内赔偿。但若车辆没有投保机动车交通事故责任强制保险,车辆所有人、管理人作为车辆投保义务人均有可能在机动车交通事故责任强制保险限额内承担赔偿责任。

“借名买车”虽解决了用车的燃眉之急,但却给双方都带来了诸多不便和法律风险,协议双方均需谨慎。(作者单位:北京市房山区法院)

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