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【老外谈】巴西学者:金砖国家厦门会晤有望为世界带来期待已久的思想重构

2017-08-29 11:50:28   国际在线

塞维利诺·卡布拉尔(巴西)

金砖国家领导人第九次会晤将于9月3日至5日在中国福建省厦门市举行。届时,金砖五国——巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非的领导人将齐聚一堂,共同探讨国际形势,寻求深化金砖伙伴关系,开辟更加光明的未来。

2017金砖厦门会晤将主要讨论金砖国家在全球治理中的作用。金砖五国将探讨如何重新定位当前的世界经济架构,并列出其中的主要方针;如何发掘新兴经济体的潜力,恢复经济增长;如何继续增强应对全球金融危机的能力。金砖机制已经走过十年历程,而本次会晤也将为世界体系的观察者们带来思考。

第一个值得关注的问题是新兴大国的崛起。这些新兴国家能够促使国际秩序向多元化和民主化的方向发展。中国作为世界超级经济体最先崛起,推动了其他新兴市场——俄罗斯、印度和巴西的出现。

于是,在21世纪初,新兴的多极化的政治经济秩序出现了,它不同于传统的世界力量中心的格局。十年前,金砖机制的诞生即是反映了这种新的秩序与力量格局:中国、巴西、俄罗斯和印度四个新兴国家作为先锋,引领众多发展中国家,并与发达国家分享全球治理的理论和经验。之后,南非加入“金砖四国”,金砖机制扩展至全球范围。通过与发达国家的互动和交流,金砖机制推动了新的世界秩序的产生。

第二个议题是全球共治。这一概念由中国提出。中国希望借助集体协商机制向当代国际舞台投射自己的影响力——一个和平的大国形象。“全球共治”是中国国家政策中的一个关键的概念,它源于儒家不同个体之间和谐相处的行为规范。“全球共治”可能推动产生一种新的全球治理格局,世界上的大小国家积极地合作,最终建成有利于和平、安全和发展的国际体系。

巴西和其他金砖国家一样,秉承着维护公正和国际秩序的精神,希望通过和平合作的方式建立稳定、安全、共同繁荣的世界秩序。金砖国家集体探索出的一套全球治理程序也是基于公正、务实的全球治理理念和原则,能够帮助各国在共同繁荣的道路上应对挑战并取得成绩。

最后一个议题是中国的“一带一路”倡议,它也有利于世界各个地区的国家走向共享共荣。“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”推动形成新的世界贸易结构,是中国对世界的重要贡献。“一带一路”与南美洲和非洲南部正在重建的“印度航线”和“太平洋航线”互为补充。未来,西半球与亚非地区可能重现过往的连接与碰撞,为世界展示“全球共治”的新道路。

2017年,在所有这些努力下,金砖国家将见证关键性的第一步——金砖国家新开发银行巩固运营,新兴国家在世界经济格局中的影响力扩大。这些努力将配合金砖国家领导人达成的新的共识,有望为世界带来期待已久的思想重构,以及危机后全球经济行为的改变。

(作者:塞维利诺·卡布拉尔,巴西中国—亚太研究所所长 编译:侯依宁)

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