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中国主权权益不容侵犯(望海楼)

2017-08-29 03:10:57   中国青年网

8月28日,中国外交部发布的一条消息引起各方关注:28日下午2时30分许,印方将越界人员和设备全部撤回边界印方一侧,中方现场人员对此进行了确认。

越界事件由印方而起。6月18日,印度边防部队270余人携带武器,连同2台推土机,在多卡拉山口越过锡金段边界线100多米,进入中国境内阻挠中方的修路活动。印边防部队越界人数最多时达到400余人,连同2台推土机和3顶帐篷,越界纵深达到180多米。印方行为引发局势紧张。

历经2个多月,越界事件终以印军主动撤出中国领土而得以解决。这种“主动”背后,反映出几点重要事实。

首先,印军越界确是违反双边条约和国际法。1890年,中国和英国签订《中英会议藏印条约》,划定了中国西藏地方和锡金之间的边界。该条约规定,洞朗地区位于边界线中国一侧,是无可争议的中国领土。长期以来,中印两国按1890年条约确定的边界线实施管辖,对于边界线的具体走向没有异议。边界一经条约确定,即受国际法特别保护,不得侵犯。事实上,印方深知理亏,对越界事件保持相对低调,避免主动宣传和报道。

其次,中国主权权益不容侵犯。越界事件背后反映出印度的政治和战略企图。印度以种种“借口”为其越界行为辩护,核心目标是在洞朗地区制造争议,甚至干扰中国与不丹之间的划界谈判。中国边防部队及时在现地采取紧急应对措施,维护国家领土主权和合法权益。中方通过外交渠道向印方传递清晰信息,划设红线,防止印方做出不切实际的误判。中国外交部发布题为《印度边防部队在中印边界锡金段越界进入中国领土的事实和中国的立场》的文件,向国际社会揭示真相。显然,中国保持战略定力,以理服人,通过外交沟通维护国家利益,也促使印度最终放弃侵害中方主权权益的幻想。

第三,中印友好符合两国利益。中印两国互为重要邻国,双边关系应在相互尊重主权和领土完整的基础上良性发展。两国身为发展中大国和新兴市场国家,有广泛的共同利益,完全可以携手发展。两个国家之间难免出现各种问题,通过对话增加互信、通过沟通管控分歧,才是维护中印关系良好发展的正确路径。

另外,值得警惕的是,在此次越界事件过程中,个别国家和某些西方媒体不断发出噪音,试图搅动中印关系和地区稳定。未来这些势力恐不会轻易罢手,仍会伺机生事。中印都要擦亮眼睛,避免落入陷阱。

中国坚决捍卫主权权益,同时也重视发展同印度的睦邻友好关系。中国重视对周边关系,秉持“亲诚惠容”的周边外交政策。印方则应认清现实、顾全大局,与中国相向而行。

(作者为中国国际问题研究院国际战略研究所副所长)

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