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ICO融资模式受热捧背后 风险不容忽视

2017-08-27 10:31:48   央广网

央广网北京8月27日消息(记者王建帆)据经济之声《天下财经》报道,上海市浦东新区市场监督管理局突击检查了某全球区块链峰会引发业内广泛关注。有分析说,这次检查之所以受市场关注,与现在正火热的首次公开募币ICO有关。那么,到底什么是ICO?它为什么受到市场追捧,变得越来越疯狂?

ICO本质是“币币兑换”

ICO最近火了,它是区块链生态系统内生的一种融资模式。借贷链联合创始人贾红宇介绍,ICO本质上就是“币币兑换”。

贾红宇说:“比如说一个区块链项目原生出一种代币,未来的投资人看好这种币,就用比特币或以太坊来购买,本质上是一种兑换或销售行为。但这种兑换也是一种投资,因为投资人希望买了这种币能够升值。”

对投资人来说,比特币和代币的兑换比例如何确定呢?贾红宇说,国内一般采用固定兑换比例的定价方式。

贾红宇表示:“这相当于销售一种商品,定价一般以卖方来定,买方可以讨价还价。比如买一部手机,每个卖家对自己的手机都有相应的定价和定位,因为不同的手机不一样。”

ICO火爆原因:生态形成 融资门槛低

成都链一网络科技有限公司董事长尚小朋认为,ICO是推动区块链领域发展的特有方式。这是ICO的重要价值所在。

尚小朋说:“原来做生意融资,可能通过三五个人商量出点钱。后来出现各种VC等等,大家通过这类方式融资。区块链技术发展后,大家就通过ICO这种手段,实现自己早期的发展基金。”

2017年被市场称为“ICO元年”:上半年,国内完成ICO项目65个,累计融资规模26.16亿元,参与人次达10.5万。从全球来看,今年上半年,ICO总体融资额已经超过10亿美元,是2016年的10倍。中央财经大学金融法研究所所长黄震分析,ICO生态形成、融资门槛低等等是ICO火爆的主要原因。

黄震说:“经过三年多的时间积累,ICO逐渐形成了生态。当前国内融资难又进入到了新的时期,需要用新的融资方式来解决。他们认为ICO没有监管,所以在这方面进行融资。”

 专家:ICO神话背后 风险很大

ICO缔造的一个个“财富神话”确实让不少人热血沸腾。对融资方来说,项目一上线就被抢购一空的现象时有发生,几分钟、几小时就能募资上千万元;对投资者来说,好项目未来几十倍甚至百倍的收益率让他们趋之若鹜。尚小朋分析,现在的ICO领域还处于非常初级的阶段,人们竞相入局,就是想抢占先机。

尚小朋说;“大家反看一下互联网的发展历程,就会认为区块链技术可能也存在这样一个发展过程——谁占有先机,未来就可能通过区块链项目增值,实现自己财富的增值。所以大家菜追捧它。”

火热的市场并非没有隐忧。中央财经大学金融法研究所所长黄震就表示,现在的一些投资人和融资方“近乎疯狂”,缺乏必要的理性。他认为,ICO领域的风险非常大。

黄震说:“第一,现在所有ICO项目都是未经任何监管机构批准过的,但是事实上具有金融的特点,所以很容易滑入非法集资的困境;第二,没有技术门槛标准。ICO是通过区块链创业项目来进行融资的,但现在的项目都自称ICO,这里面充满欺诈。”

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