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《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》亮相国家大剧院

2017-08-28 08:40:55   央广网

央广网北京8月28日消息(音乐之声记者小武)由北京国家大剧院参与制作的理查德·瓦格纳歌剧《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》近日在北京国家大剧院首演,演出将持续到本月29号。

8月23日,国家大剧院与大都会歌剧院、波兰华沙国家歌剧院、巴登-巴登节日剧院联合制作理查德·瓦格纳歌剧《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》完成了在国家大剧院的首度亮相。华人指挥家吕绍嘉指挥国家大剧院管弦乐团、合唱团,携手杰·亨特·莫里斯、安·彼得森、李晓良等实力派歌唱家,为观众带来了一场长达五个小时的瓦格纳歌剧盛宴。

歌剧《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》首演于1865年,这部取材自欧洲中世纪凯尔特人神话传说的经典歌剧,被誉为瓦格纳歌剧创作走向成熟期的里程碑,是瓦格纳最具影响力的作品之一。首演迄今一个半世纪以来,这部歌剧的脚步由德国走向了世界各地的歌剧舞台,骑士特里斯坦与公主伊索尔德的爱情悲剧受到了全世界观众的热捧与喜爱。跌宕剧情感染一代代观众的同时,瓦格纳在这部歌剧中非凡的音乐创造力更对音乐的发展历史产生了深远影响。在整部歌剧的前奏曲中,瓦格纳创造性的使用了由半音构成的“特里斯坦和弦”,利用和声的“未解决”为听众创造出独特的漂浮感,以此来预示剧中男女主角爱情的不圆满。在全剧结束前女主角伊索尔德的咏叹调“爱之死”中,“特里斯坦和弦”留下的和弦难题终于解决,男女主人公的爱情也在死亡中得到了永恒。此外,瓦格纳用黑夜表达爱情圆满,以白昼形容爱情遭到破坏的手法,以及男女主人公以死亡求得爱情永恒的情节,与叔本华为代表的十九世纪德国哲学思潮产生了复杂的关联,使得整部歌剧的情节得到了哲学层面的升华。2017年是国家大剧院开幕运营十周年,在这样具有纪念意义的时刻,国家大剧院选择难度巨大的《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》作为第56部歌剧制作,不仅彰显了十年来大剧院在歌剧制作领域积累的丰富经验,同时也展现了其在歌剧制作中的自信与不断探索。此版《特里斯坦与伊索尔德》由国家大剧院与大都会歌剧院、波兰华沙国家歌剧院、巴登-巴登节日剧院联合制作。波兰导演特雷林斯基领衔主创团队,为观众打造了一个理念超前、场景复杂的现代风格制作。

23日当晚,随着吕绍嘉执棒国家大剧院管弦乐团奏出前奏曲中经典的旋律,一个圆形雷达扫描图赫然出现在观众眼前。随着音乐情绪的起伏跌宕,雷达图中浮现出一艘战舰在巨浪中前行的画面,象征着剧中男女主角跌宕的命运。随着大幕拉开,巨大的三层舞台呈现出一艘钢铁战舰的横截面。伊索尔德狭小的房间与特里斯坦工作时的控制室同时出现,立体的舞台呈现既创造了属于每个人物的封闭空间,又简洁得展现出同一艘战舰上不同人物的复杂关系。导演特雷林斯基在这个“九宫格”式布局的舞台上充分发挥着艺术想象力,密封门、弹药箱等简单视觉元素凸显着战舰上的黑暗气氛。伊索尔德与仆人布兰甘特挑选毒药时,两台监控摄像头将二人的面部表情、装着各种药水的药包分别投射在舞台上方,将人物与舞台细节以完全出乎观众意料的方式呈现出来。

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