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权威解读医改价格变化 谁升谁降一秒看懂

2017-08-28 08:01:51   中国青年网

沈阳市115家医院于8月26日零时正式启动公立医院医药价格改革,目前进展平稳。两天来,市民群众和就医的患者普遍对医药价格的变化分外关心,因此沈阳市医改办相关负责人针对百姓最关注的几个问题进行了答疑解惑。

疑问1:取消了药品加成,为啥看病费用没太大变化?

解惑:医疗服务费提升了 医生告别“大处方”专注练技术

百姓最关注的公立医院医药价格改革,其实只是整个公立医院综合改革的一部分。以往在医院的总收入中,很大一部分是靠给患者开药得到的收入。医院按进价购进药品,加价15%卖给患者。这就造成了一些医务人员多开药、开贵药,也就是常说的“大处方”的现象。改革后,医院就不再靠“卖药”养活医生,将愿意从提高诊查、治疗水平,加强为患者服务方面下工夫,从而使患者长期受益。

疑问2:医院在药价上的“损失”,是不是都要从服务费中“赚回来”?

解惑:提升诊疗服务费、加强管理降成本、政府财政支持共同补偿

举例来说,比如一家医院在这次价格改革中,取消药品加价后每年减少收入1000万元,降低核磁共振、CT等大型设备检查费用减少500万元,降低血常规等各项检验费用减少500万元,加在一起每年减少收入是2000万元。为了保证医院的正常运转不受影响,这2000万要通过提高诊查、手术、护理等这些项目的收入来进行弥补。弥补多少呢,就是不能超过2000万元,这就是医改所说的“总量控制”。

本次医改沈阳的医院补偿比例是按90%进行补偿,即医院通过提高诊查、手术、护理等价格能收回来1800万元。其余由政府财政补助100万,医院通过自身加强管理、降低成本再消化掉100万元。

疑问3:提升后的诊查费,医保到底报不报销?

解惑:城镇医保原有的报销范围和比例均没有改变

改革后,城镇医保原有的报销范围和比例均没有改变。以门诊诊查费医保支付政策为例:参保人员因门诊规定病种(也就是百姓常说的特、慢病)和节育门诊就医的,改革后,8元诊查费医保基金承担5元,患者个人承担3元,较改革前患者承担金额没有变化。

参保人员在急诊急救、中医优势病种和门诊统筹手术治疗时,改革前诊查费是按照急诊急救、中医优势病种和门诊统筹手术治疗对应的规定比例由医保报销,那么,诊查费调整到8元后,医保仍按相应的规定比例报销。

究竟哪些项目价格降了,哪些价格涨了?

主要降价项目:药品、大型设备检查、化验等。例如——

药品加成取消:即降价15%。

核磁共振检查:由720元降到560元,降低22%。

CT检查:由300元降到264元,降低12%。

主要上涨项目:诊查费、手术费、护理费、床位费等。例如——

普通门诊诊查费:由2元提高到8元,幅度是300%。

阑尾炎手术价格:由800元提高到1160元,幅度是45%。

有患者问,为什么上涨的项目的幅度比下降项目的幅度要大呢?这主要是有些项目幅度大,但绝对额小,像诊查费,上涨幅度是300%,但实际增加金额是6元,算上取消的1元挂号费,实际增加的是5元钱。而患者如果一次开取100元的药,就会少支出15元。所以不能简单地用幅度做比较。本次医药价格改革把握的原则是平均到每一个患者,医疗费用总体支出是不增加的。

沈阳晚报、沈报融媒记者 唐子匀

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