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电影特效无法取代人的表演

2017-08-27 15:06:47   中国青年网

电影《猩球崛起3:终极之战》即将在中国公映,日前,全球顶级特效公司“维塔工作室”的视效总监Anders Langlands亮相北京,与包括陆川、路阳、杨庆、韩延等多名青年导演一起,以这部电影中的电脑特效制作经过为主题,举办了一场“大师班”对话活动。在听完Anders 的介绍后,曾经拍摄过《九层妖塔》的导演陆川感慨地说,自己很羡慕片方能找到在影片中扮演猿族首领凯撒的演员安迪·瑟金斯,“现在我们拍戏,找演员都很困难,更不要说找好演员去演怪物,还不能露脸。”他透露,在《九层妖塔》中,为了节省资金,“所有的怪物都是我自己表演的。”

由《指环王》系列的导演彼得·杰克逊创立的特效公司“维塔工作室”是当今世界上最优秀的特效制作团队。Anders 透露,和《猩球崛起2:黎明之战》比起来,《猩球崛起3》创造了更复杂的猩猩角色。几百只猩猩,几乎每只猩猩都拥有500万根毛发,而这一切,都得益于维塔工作室强大的电脑动作捕捉技术和精湛的制作水准。在《猩球崛起3:终极之战》中,为了得到逼真的“猩猩”效果,维塔工作室动用了998名工作人员参与到幕后制作中,最多时有430多人同时为一个特技项目工作。其中电脑CPU的处理时间耗费了大约1.9亿个小时,折合起来等于5400年!而1440个特效镜头,占据了整部电影95%的镜头量。

活动现场提前播放了几个片段,在看完了影片后,导演陆川感慨地说,“看这个电影的时候有一点羡慕的感觉,我们上次做《九层妖塔》的时候,总共资金只有9600万人民币,想做得很好,但预算是很有限制的。”他对安迪·瑟金斯在片中扮演的猿族首领凯撒的面部表情的精湛演绎赞不绝口,安迪·瑟金斯曾经在《指环王》系列中扮演数字人物“咕噜”,在拍摄时,制作团队通过安装在安迪身上的传感器,收集到他的动作和脸部表情,经过电脑的加工,最后制作出活灵活现的“咕噜”形象。这次在《猩球崛起3:终极之战》中也不例外,不过相比《指环王》,他此次塑造的“凯撒”在面部表情的层次和精细度上都达到了当今电脑特效的巅峰水准,让人完全看不出这是电脑特效制作出来的。

“我看到所有演员都那么专业,演得非常专注,全情投入,在我看来都是非常好的表演大师。而在我们现在的电影工业里,要花很多很多精力才能说服一个演员不露脸来演一个怪物。”陆川感慨地说:自己拍摄上一部片子《九层妖塔》时,特效总监就是从新西兰来的,“他在极低的预算下把特效完成了,教会了我很多东西,很可惜,做完那部电影他就去世了。”他透露,自己正在拍摄的新片请来了Peter G. Travers,他做过《美国队长》、《银河护卫队》,“这些非常优秀的制作人给我们带来了一个捷径,让我们迅速地掌握这些知识和经验,帮助我们做到更好的电影效果,我觉得这种合作会越来越多,是一个趋势。”

而《滚蛋吧,肿瘤君》的导演韩延表示,在特效界,“有困难,找维塔”是一种共识,“国内很多动态捕捉,其实硬件已经差不多了,我们缺的是捕捉下来之后如何精细地调每一个表情,每一个细节。”他透露,自己的新片《动物世界》中的特效部分就是请维塔工作室的特效师帮忙制作的。

在活动的提问环节,当有记者问起电脑特效的发展,最终是否可以完全取代演员的表演时,Anders连连摇头,“肯定不可能,总会有真人演员的需求,我最喜欢的电影是《十二怒汉》,12个演员在一个屋子里面表演,电影拍得非常好。对我来讲,电影就是艺术家和好的剧本结合在一起,看看最后的成效是怎样的。”他表示,不管是动作捕捉,还是表情捕捉,都是以人的表演为基础的,“人的表演才能创造电影的奇幻,也是大家会不停到电影院去看的原因。不管最后的结果怎样,人的表演是基础。”

本报记者 王金跃 J166

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