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我国这项基础设施居全球首位 给很多人带来便利

2017-08-27 13:26:46   央广网

原标题:稳居全球首位!我国这项基础设施给很多人带来了巨大便利

近日,交通运输部科学研究院、综合交通大数据应用中心首次发布我国首部高速公路运行大数据分析报告,截至2016年底,我国高速公路已超过13万公里,建设增速明显。从耗时13年才建设2万公里,到年均建设1万公里,我国高速公路建设实现了质的飞跃。

全国高速公路里程稳居全球首位

分析报告显示,截至2016年底,我国高速公路网覆盖全国31个省(区、市),其中上海、天津、北京、江苏、福建、广东、浙江、河南、山东、河北位列全国高速公路密度排行榜前10名。上海高速公路密度以1310公里/万平方公里排名第一。

我国高速公路建设自2011年以来,年均新增里程达1万公里,而我国从1988年第一条高速公路建成通车到2001年,全国高速公路总里程只有2万公里。

交通运输部科学研究院主任研究员刘方表示,目前全国高速公路里程已突破13万公里,稳居全球首位,基本覆盖了全国城镇人口20万以上的城市,服务人口越来越多,连通城市越来越密集。

京港澳高速为“最忙”物流通道

报告对国家重点推进的11条物流大通道的分析显示,纵向通道运输需求较强,纵向通道平均货运承载量是横向通道的1.2倍,其中,京港澳高速成为“最忙”物流通道,其货运承载量居首位,以其为分界线呈现东高西低趋势,京津冀、长三角、珠三角三大经济圈货运密度最高。

交通运输部科学研究院主任研究员刘方指出,高速公路在综合运输物流通道中的作用突出,物流通道集聚能力强、运输繁忙的特点非常明显。国家重点推进的11条高速公路物流大通道的车流量、日均货运承载量、平均拥挤度分别是整个高速路网平均水平的1.5倍、1.6倍、1.8倍,支撑区域经济交流的作用突出。

高速公路客车占比77%远超货车

报告分析结果显示,全国高速公路车流构成中,客车占比77%,货车占比23%,但省域差异显著,其中云南、贵州、四川、广东等旅游和人口大省高速公路客车占比超过80%;山西、宁夏等资源型省份和天津、河北等海港省份货车占比近40%。

从运输结构和时间分布看,高速公路不同类型客车发展趋势出现分化,其中小汽车出行快速增长,增速17.6%,大中型客车受高铁开通加密、私家车普及影响,增速下降0.6%。

高速货运:休“假”不休“夜”

高速公路客车流量昼夜比为3.4:1,货车流量昼夜比为1.8:1,客车昼夜波动大,货车相对均衡。主要因为:一是为错开日间高速公路车流高峰,部分货车司机选择夜间运输;二是部分省份高速公路实行分时段差异化收费政策,吸引货车夜间行车;三是长途货车配备两名司机,轮换休息行驶。

另外,与客运高峰相反,节假日期间,高速公路货车流明显减少,春节期间高速公路日均货车流仅为平时的13%,其他法定节假日为平时的82%。

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