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“土布扎染”展现传统美学
2017-08-26 06:00:55 中国青年网
这些扎染过的土布被做成衣服、裙子、包、围巾、桌布、摆件等,兼具艺术和实用性。
8月25日上午,第三届山西文博会5号展厅内,一块块蓝染的土布因不同的扎染形态焕发出迷人的魅力,不少女士前去试围巾、背包等,连男士们都对扎染摆件产生了兴趣。
郝国安来自西安咸阳兴平市,是当地“土布扎染”非物质文化遗产第四代传人。“我第一次来山西参加文博会,从昨天展出至今,但凡走到这个展厅的人,都特别喜欢这个‘土布扎染’。”在郝国安看来,吸引人们的原因正是蓝染的土布格调朴素、高雅,蕴含着中国人独特的审美趣味和生活情调。
郝国安所展出的“土布扎染”以蓝白二色为主调,用这二色的对比来营造出古朴的意蕴,且蓝白二色的结合往往给人以“青花瓷”般的淡雅之感。这些扎染过的土布,被郝国安做成了衣服、裙子、包、围巾、桌布、摆件等,兼具艺术感和实用性。
“全世界的布都会掉色,只有我这个蓝染的布不掉色。”郝国安很是自得,染一块布要经过数十道工序,将白布折叠后,把花饰脉络用针线缝扎,使染料浸不到缝扎之处。布匹晾干后,将缝扎的线用剪刀或锥子轻轻拆开,再次清洗,锤打平整晾干。所绘图案花纹显露,染料渗透非常自然,图案的色彩明暗自然过渡,十分美妙。
令人惊讶的是,很多染色的原料,竟然就是我们身边的一些植物和蔬菜。“菠菜能染绿色,枸杞能染棉布,大叶女贞能染黑色……”郝国安说,扎染所用的是自纺自织的土布,一般都是用四踏板的织机织成。“在绘制图案时,先将土白布平铺于桌面或石板上,用圆珠笔或彩色粉笔即兴绘出各种图案,信手勾画,无拘无束,凸显出了扎染图案绘制上的独特艺术感。”郝国安说,这次在山西文博会上的参展受到不少关注,更坚定了他要传承好这一老手艺的信心,“今年我有个规划,打算在山西建立一个‘土布扎染’基地,让这一非物质文化遗产技艺更广泛地传承。”
本报记者 李飞飞
本版摄影 本报记者 寇宁
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