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仲裁收费被指“不当得利”一案宣判

2017-08-26 04:15:55   中国青年网

□ 本报记者 张维

仲裁裁决被法院撤销,当事人以仲裁收费构成“不当得利”为由将仲裁机构诉至法院。该案经《法制日报》(8月9日)报道后,引起热议。近日,这一关涉仲裁服务质量与责任的案件迎来一审裁决,湖北省十堰市茅箭区法院驳回原告起诉,这意味着当事人从仲裁机构拿回仲裁费的希望暂告破灭。

目前,李某已上诉,“仲裁委员会不是法外之地,非法占有他人财产,法院应当处理。法院是最终的司法救济机关,对上诉人与被上诉人之间的纠纷,法院要么审理,要么移送相关机关处理,不能让上诉人诉讼无门。”李某说。

二者间不具有平等性

李某因与十堰某公司的纠纷,作为申请人提请十堰仲裁委仲裁,并为此缴纳22万多元仲裁费。仲裁裁决被法院撤销后,李某认为,十堰仲裁委收取仲裁费的行为没有合法根据,属于不当得利,应当予以返还。“被告为侵占仲裁费而裁决的行为”“不但给原告造成近50万元借贷本金和利息损失,而且严重的损害了仲裁机构的公信力。”

法院审理认为,我国民法调整平等主体的自然人、法人和非法人组织之间的人身关系和财产关系。本案中,李某和十堰仲裁委员会两者之间是申请仲裁者与仲裁机构的关系,二者之间不具有平等性。

同时,民事法律关系是指由民法调整的,以民事权利义务为内容的社会关系。本案中,十堰仲裁委员会依据国务院《仲裁委员会仲裁收费办法》的规定收取仲裁费,该行为可视为是仲裁案件过程中的一种行为,并非依民事法律关系取得,不论其收费是否合理,均不属于民法调整。

对于法院的裁决结果,十堰仲裁委员会表示满意,李某则以原裁定适用法律错误,起诉符合民诉法相关规定,仲裁委是民间组织,与当事人有平等的仲裁服务合同关系,仲裁委未尽到义务等为由提起上诉。

申请人埋单有失公允

公开信息显示,仲裁机构因服务不被认可而要求退还仲裁收费,此案应为第一案,而它的意义也绝不止于对案件当事人的影响。根据国务院法制办的统计,2016年全国被法院裁定撤销和不予执行的仲裁案件共232件,占受案总数的0.11%;被法院裁定不予执行的案件共63件,占受案总数的0.03%。全国251家仲裁机构中,有157家仲裁委员会全年没有被法院裁定撤销或不予执行的案件,占仲裁机构总数的63%。

这些数据意味着,许多仲裁机构都会面临着这样的风险:因无法实现当事人通过仲裁解决纠纷的目的而被要求退费。虽然该案一审结果有利于仲裁机构,但作为胜诉方的十堰仲裁委仍有遗憾。

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