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国务院为去产能圈重点 火电等三行业面临减量减产

2017-08-25 11:01:39   央广网

近期召开的国务院常务会议对去产能圈重点,提出要采取有效措施确保完成今年化解钢铁煤炭过剩产能、处置“僵尸企业”和治理特困企业等工作任务。推动火电、电解铝、建材等行业开展减量减产,严控新增产能。

8月24日,金联创分析师李群在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,这并不是政府首次提出关于火电、电解铝等行业要开展去产能工作。煤炭钢铁一直作为大家关注的焦点,去产能效果显著。但是国家也一直没有放松对其他耗高污行业的“紧箍”,自2013年起,电解铝行业就控制新增产能,近几年也关停不少落后产能。此次重点提出火电、电解铝、建材行业去产能,预计后期或将加大整改力度,实现行业有效集中。

中国煤炭工业协会发布的数据显示,煤炭方面,今年以来煤炭去产能工作取得阶段性重要进展,截至7月底共退出煤炭产能1.28亿吨,完成年度目标任务量的85%。其中,内蒙古、辽宁、江苏、福建、河南、广西、重庆7个省(区、市)已超额完成全年目标任务。钢铁方面,今年上半年,钢铁去产能工作进展迅速,到目前,全国钢铁去产能已完成年度任务的84.8%,其中央企钢铁去产能任务已经提前完成。

李群表示,近几年国家不断强调去产能的重要性,煤炭、钢铁去产能成效较为明显,不管是违规违建还是中小散乱,基本都已退出市场。2017年年中之前“地条钢”全部清除完毕,涉及产能约1亿吨;此外多地打造无钢城市,钢企停产或搬迁都已提上日程。这些进展都给火电、电解铝以及建材行业的去产能提供了方向。首先,国家必须有坚定的决心,来进行这些行业去产能任务;其次,对于人员安置以及企业补贴等政策必须到位,帮助这些行业渡过困难时期;再次,监察必须到位,防止死灰复燃。随着产能减少,煤炭钢铁价格再次重归高位,企业利润攀升导致个别企业复产,严重影响去产能的进展。因此,年内国家多次派出巡查小组,就是防止已经停产的产能重新启动。

就下一步我国去产能的重点工作,李群告诉记者,我国电解铝行业产能过剩十分严重,而且行业耗能污染较高,据了解,电解铝行业耗电量巨大,国内发电量7.5%被电解铝行业消耗,由此可见,背后造成的火电污染也是十分骇人的。近年来电解铝行业去产能已有一定效果,后期将继续加强力度,国家不断权衡行业发展以及环境保护,像河北、山东、山西、河南等地,一方面本身人口密集,污染来源较多,工业退出有利于环境保护;另一方面,火电、电解铝等行业也确实存在产能过剩问题。下半年,各行业需加强去产能力度,增强监管,以保证去产能工作的有效推进。

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