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用“笔尖钢”书写“中国力量”

2017-08-25 08:31:29   中国青年网

不同角度,连续不停地书写800米,未出现断线现象,且线条流畅均匀——随着太钢笔尖钢的问世,圆珠笔钢材纯粹依靠进口的局面就此改写。

太钢历时5年攻关,让笔尖钢走上生产线。如今,用这种笔尖钢制成的新笔头已经被安在国产品牌圆珠笔上,伴随着使用者沙沙书写的节奏,无比自豪地彰显了制造业的“中国力量”。

笔尖上的考验

“什么资料都没有,我们用几十公斤的炼炉开始实验,进行了成千次的摸索。”说起“笔尖钢”,负责此项目的太钢集团技术中心高级工程师王辉绵至今难以忘怀。

历时5年攻关,太钢把不锈钢新型材料成功应用于国内知名制笔厂家,产品质量稳定,性能与进口产品水平相当。这标志着我国圆珠笔笔头用不锈钢材料的国产化、自主化进程迈出了关键的一步,对于打破国外产品长期垄断的局面具有重大意义,有力地促进了我国钢铁行业的提质增效和结构优化升级。

“笔尖钢”的研制成功,凝聚着太钢人的艰辛。几年来,太钢项目攻关的人员一直都在苦心琢磨解决方法,甚至在休息、吃饭的时候也忍不住去思考。

炼特种钢是个精细活儿,从原料到笔尖钢丝,需要50多道工序,每一道工序都需要质量控制。如果炼钢有微小的气泡,钢丝就有可能在机器上穿孔,盘条轧制时也可能会表面开裂。为了钢丝外表不受一点剐蹭,王辉绵他们在吊运钢丝卷的时候,不用钢叉,而是用皮带,之后再用木箱来包装。

经过5轮近百项的试验,太钢先后在笔头用不锈钢材料的易切削性、性能稳定性、耐锈蚀性等7大类工艺难题上取得重大突破,掌握了贵重金属合金均匀化、夹杂物无害化处理等多项关键技术,为关键材料的国产化并实现批量生产奠定了基础。

灵感来自于“和面”

据王辉绵介绍,试验取得成功的灵感,竟是来自于擀面条包饺子时的“和面”功夫——面要想和得软硬适中,往里添加的水和“料”的比例很重要,相对应的钢水里就要加入合适的工业“添加剂”。普通的添加剂都是块状,如果能把块状变细变薄,钢水和添加剂就会融合得更加均匀,这样就可以增强切削性。

在电子显微镜下,太钢集团看到了添加剂分布均匀的“笔尖钢”。2016年9月,大规模炼钢十多次后,第一批切削性好的钢材终于出炉了。在这批直径2.3毫米的不锈钢钢丝上,从此可以骄傲地打上“中国制造”的标志。

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