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大数据带来云龙天池管护变革

2017-08-25 08:16:32   中国青年网

护林员查看现场监测数据。

标记监测点

巡护助手

“只要打开巡护助手APP,把发现的动植物信息输进去,就会自动生成经度、纬度、海拔等地理位置信息,我即时上传就行了。”在云龙天池国家级自然保护区采访期间,专业管护员张志云打开手持巡护监测终端上的“巡护助手APP”向我们展示。“‘巡护助手APP’是我们联合云南大学开发的一套巡山护林管理系统。这些年,我们一直致力于建设数字化保护区,通过大数据分析来不断改进管护手段与方法。”保护区管护局科研所负责人徐会明介绍,2015年国家级自然保护区管理评估中,他们的巡护监测管理情况受到评估组一致肯定,评估评分表中“日常管护”一项也因此获得满分。

云龙天池自然保护区的巡护监测有何亮点?它们是怎样建设数字化保护区的?大数据分析又带来怎样的管护变革?我们决定弄个明白。云龙天池自然保护区共有15名专业管护员,27名护林员。今年4月,管护局为每人都配备了一部装有巡护助手APP的巡护监测终端,用于巡护过程中获取信息的即时记录与传输。“巡护收集的信息主要有各种动植物信息、生态环境信息、人为干扰信息以及与保护相关的信息等。这些数据海量汇总后,通过专业分析研究,可以更准确地掌握保护区的管护现状,从而更有针对性地制定保护措施、促进保护管理。”徐会明说。

事实上,自2010年起,云龙天池保护区便开始了巡护数据的收集与汇总分析。从护林员填写纸质巡山报告单,专人录入电脑,通过专业软件汇总分析;到采用GPS采点录入系统,到引入轨迹仪记录巡护人员行踪,导入电脑,汇总出图,数据分析;再到如今采用巡护助手APP,实现资源数据信息即时定位、采集与联网传输,进行大数据分析,云龙天池的数字化保护区形象越来越鲜明。

为啥要在数字化保护方面下这么大功夫?“我们认为,这是自然保护区管护的必由之路。”管护局副局长李权张认为,巡护监测是一项长期性、连续性工作,只有借助信息化、大数据的力量,才能形成一种良性的管护互动机制,取得更好的管护成效。“现在我们采用的巡山护林管理系统由移动端和PC端构成,具有巡护位置定位,确保护林员责任落实;精确的巡护管理,保证巡护效率;险情信息及时共享,提升险情响应速度等优势。”李权张说。

云龙天池自然保护区已经尝到了数字化保护的甜头。

他们根据历年监测数据预测黑熊活动时间区域,发布黑熊活动预警通告,避免人员伤亡,减少财产损失,缓解管理压力;根据巡护数据提供的野生动物活动情况开展社区宣传。通过对2011年到2014年的巡护数据分析,他们加强了巡护相对较弱区域的巡护力量,对巡护区域进行了合理调整,整个巡护工作更加科学规范……

“护林员是最熟悉保护区状况的一群人,让他们更好地在巡护监测工作中发挥作用,至关重要。”管护局副局长尹瑞何认为。云龙天池自然保护区目前对巡护人员按巡护天数、巡护内容进行量化打分考核。“我们将尝试把巡护线路的难易程度与护林员待遇挂钩,把他们提供有效信息数据的情况纳入年终考核,总之是要更好地激发护林员的能动性,让管护更科学、更合理、更有效。大数据时代的数字化管理提供了这种可能。”尹瑞何说。

云报集团融媒体记者

程三娟/文 陈飞 顾彬/图

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