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中国色谱分析的先驱者卢佩章,走了!

2017-08-25 06:11:11   中国青年网

卢佩章在工作中。

本报记者谢小芳

2017年8月23日13时25分,我国著名分析化学家、中国色谱分析的先驱者之一、中国科学院院士卢佩章于大连家中逝世,享年92岁。

卢佩章1925年10月生于杭州,1948年毕业于同济大学理学院化学系。1949年9月到中科院大连化物所工作,1980年当选为中国科学院学部委员(中国科学院院士),主要从事以色谱为主的分析化学研究,为开创中国色谱学科,开展了气相色谱及液相色谱理论、新技术发展及其应用方面的研究。

卢佩章的一生,童年时经历过战争,青年时被关过“牛棚”,但是在各种磨难中,他热爱祖国热爱科学的心从未改变。

谈起卢佩章,他的学生、中科院大连化物所研究员张青几度哽咽,又几度竖起大拇指:“老师一生坎坷,十分不易,也十分了不起!”

“我是集体中的一个小兵,一个对国家、对集体负责的小兵”

色谱是一种快速、高效、灵敏的分析、分离技术,是分析化学的重要组成部分,在工农业生产、进出口贸易、国防、科研、医学、生物制药、基因分析学科等方面有着广泛重要的应用。新中国成立初期,我国的气相色谱研究还是个空白。

在大连化物所,卢佩章原来是想搞催化的,但是国家任务的神圣感和科学家的责任感很快使他改变了专业兴趣,与色谱结下了不解之缘。建国初期,他完成了“熔铁催化剂水煤气合成液体燃料及化工产品”项目。卢佩章和他的研究小组于1953年设计出我国第一台体积色谱仪,使分析石油样品的速度由原来30多小时缩短到不到1小时,而且所用样品量仅是原来的千分之一,这项技术迅速在全国石油化工企业普及应用。

20世纪60年代,卢佩章的研究方向转向国防工业,发展了腐蚀性气体色谱等一系列国防分析技术和仪器,解决了国防工业的急需,填补了国内空白。70年代,卢佩章接受了我国第一艘核动力潜艇79号密闭舱气体分析的国防科研紧急任务,并建立了科研小组。经过方法研究、仪器试制和现场反复考核,把色谱技术应用到潜艇密闭舱中,研制出当时世界上最先进的船用色谱仪。用该仪器可迅速、连续测定密闭舱中气体组分,确保人员安全生活。

火箭升空需要液氢作燃料,制备高纯液氢燃料的关键之一是必须去除其中的痕量氧,否则无法安全生产运行。卢佩章接受了任务,组建科研小组,开始了长达20年的科学探索。他们利用分子筛色谱技术开始了超纯气体净化和测试的研究,并为工业生产超纯气体提供了方法和手段,由于成功研制了当时国际上仅少数国家才能生产的新型吸附剂——分子筛,并敏锐地察觉到这种吸附剂用作催化剂将有特殊性能,使我国先于国际上其他国家首先研制成功脱氧分子筛105催化剂。

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