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秋季嗓子干痒、有异物感 如何保健?

2017-08-25 05:01:34   中国青年网

【问】立秋后,尤其是近段时间,“秋老虎”肆虐,不开空调热得受不了,开了空调又感觉嗓子干痒、有异物一样堵在喉咙里,请问专家,有何对付秋季嗓子干痒的好办法?——“健康吧”读者 浪遏飞舟

【答】湖南中医药大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉科朱镇华教授回复:

嗓子干痒,属咽炎临床典型症状之一。咽炎,大抵包含了具有咽喉部红肿、疼痛为特点的多种咽喉部急、慢性炎症。其中慢性咽炎,中医谓之慢喉痹,是以反复咽部微痛、咽干咽痒、异物感,或喉底颗粒肿起为主要特征的疾病。

“将500克杏仁炒干,粉碎,加红糖适量,搅匀,口服,每次 6 克,每天 3 次,治疗气滞痰郁的慢性咽炎,效果良好”。杏仁又名杏子、杏核仁、苦杏仁、杏梅仁等,为药食兼用之品。中医认为,其味苦,性微温,有小毒,入肺、大肠经,具有止咳平喘、行气化痰作用,久用不衰,是中医最常用的止咳平喘、利咽药,用于治疗咳嗽气喘、咽干不适等肺系病证有效。

现代研究也证明,杏仁中的有效成分为苦杏仁苷,可清泄肺卫之郁热、止咳、平喘,能抑制炎症,调节免疫功能;杏仁中含有杏仁油,活性成分主要为天然维生素 E、多元酚酸类物质,有清除自由基和抗氧化作用。

本方适用于痰气郁结、胸膈所致的咽炎患者。其病机是邪毒久滞,虚火久蒸,炼津成痰,气机阻滞,血行不畅;邪毒与痰搏结咽喉,故有咽部异物感、痰粘着感、咽痒不适,易恶心呕吐、胸闷不适。治疗上取杏仁一味,正合病机,加红糖因其性温,起化淤生津、活血、健脾之功,还可改善口感。

服药期间注意,应消除各种致病因素。此外,应做到以下几点:

1.锻炼身体,增强体质。平时生活要有规律,劳逸结合,多进行户外活动,呼吸新鲜空气。

2.预防上呼吸道感染,防止慢性咽炎急性发作。注意天气变化,在流感易发季节,尽量少去公共场所。

3.注意口腔和鼻腔卫生。咽位于口、鼻后下方,与口、鼻直接相连,口腔、鼻腔、鼻窦的慢性感染,常因病毒、细菌、脓液等波及咽部黏膜而导致咽炎。

4.注意饮食卫生,保证身体营养平衡。少吃过热、过冷及辛辣刺激食物,保持大便通畅。如患了咽炎,应及时治疗。

长沙晚报记者 杨蔚然 通讯员 胡翠娥

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