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二类国际航线拟引入竞争机制

2017-08-25 04:31:10   中国青年网

本报讯(记者 范晓)为规范国际航权资源配置和使用行为,提升国际航权使用效率,日前,中国民用航空局发布《国际航权资源配置和使用管理办法》(征求意见稿),提出将对国际航线实施分类管理,并对指定承运人、运营航线、运营班次及运力安排等作出统一规划。同时,公布了北京“一市两场”国际航权资源配置的政策规划。

意见稿将国际航线分为一类和二类。按民航局公布的目录,包括新加坡、澳大利亚、美国等在内向中国开放航权或部分航权的国家,相关协议航线为一类国际航线,余下的则列为二类国际航线。值得关注的是,一类国际航线不限定指定承运人数量、运营航线、运营班次及运力安排。而二类国际航线及其承运人则是此次意见稿调整的重点,民航局将首次引入竞争机制决定二类远程国际航线的分配。

据悉,二类国际航线非远程航线亦不限定承运人数量,但远程航线将逐步引入竞争机制,允许新增一家承运人。根据民航业内的定义,航程超过4500公里的为远程航线。

此前,民航业内遵循“一条远程航线一家承运人”的分配原则,比如北京至洛杉矶航线由国航包揽,其他中方航空公司无法参与竞争。民航专家林智杰表示,随着中国民航整体实力提升,该规定在一定程度上阻碍了国内航空公司向国际市场加速扩张。

据国际航协(IATA)数据显示,2016年美国远程国际航线中由一家承运人运营的共316条,占比87%,由多家承运人运营的共46条,占比13%。而2016年中国远程国际航线中由一家承运人运营的159条,占比95%,多家承运人运营的8条,占比仅5%。

与此同时,意见稿对北京“一市两场”的国际航权资源配置政策也作出了规定。明确提出,在北京新机场运营的航空公司,其在首都机场运营的国际航线航班于4年内全部平移至新机场,并继续持有已获批的国际航权。

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