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【新闻观察】让传统村落不变味不丢魂

2017-08-24 08:22:16   中国青年网

传统村落富含历史、文化、科学、艺术、社会、经济等多重价值,是充溢着沧桑美和厚重记忆的精神家园。

据8月23日《贵州日报》报道,为更好地兼顾保护和发展,确保传统村落“不变味不丢魂”,贵州省制定出台了《贵州省传统村落保护和发展条例》,将于今年10月1日起正式实施。

传统村落富含历史、文化、科学、艺术、社会、经济等多重价值,是充溢着沧桑美和厚重记忆的精神家园。通过各种形式的保护和开发,留住传统村落,留住文化和记忆的根脉,可以给现代人带来心灵的安静、内在的幸福。

在轰轰烈烈的传统村落开发规划和保护中,一大批濒临消失的古村落得以挽救,但也出现了一些不良倾向,比如,商业化气息过于浓郁,将传统村落当成“旅游提款机”,忽视了其固有的文化生态;过分注重村落外表的整齐划一、富丽堂皇,忽视了“人”的因素,少了一些活力和生机。

及时出台条例,对传统村落保护行为分门别类、设定框架、规范约束,有助于纠偏,遏制野蛮开发。

针对村落保护中的空心化态势,上述条例规定,“保护传统村落应当保持村落空间、历史和价值的完整性,维护文化遗产存在、形态、内涵和村民生产生活的真实性”,这提醒人们,要保护有形的村落,更要保护无形的文化,注重从“人”的角度切入保护,想方设法留住传统村落的“原住民”,让他们参与村落保护过程,认识到村落中蕴含的丰厚价值,激活传统文化自信和积极传承的热情,留住村庄的风俗人情和道德观念,留住村落的灵魂和生机。

而针对村落保护中的过度商业化倾向,条例强调“注重传统文化和生态环境的延续性,防止传统村落空心化、过度商业化”“在传统村落实施易地扶贫搬迁的,应当尊重村民意愿,并对村民所有的建(构)筑物处理作出约定”……这提醒一些地方,村落保护的最终目的不是为了赚取真金白银,商业化开发也是为了给保护工作提供物质保障。如果因为赚钱而忽略了文化敬畏感,流于庸俗,丢失了传统村落的文化风貌,让“文化遗产”变成“文化遗憾”,便成了舍本逐末。所以,要学会问计于民、问智于民、问需于民,遏制和杜绝不良倾向。

但愿相关规范和引导,可以激活人们的文化敬畏感、规律敬畏感、生态敬畏感,守住传统村落的味和魂。

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