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影视作品如何诠释新时代劳动价值

2017-08-24 05:06:36   中国青年网

【文化评析】

近日,网络纪录片《极限劳动者》更新了一系列节目,把镜头给予那些在平凡的职业中坚守岗位的女性劳动者。她们中有9年间收发超过百万件货物的一线女快递员,有在孕期里坚持零缺席、超过70个通宵夜班、累计接生90位新生儿的产科女医生。在此之前,该纪录片发现并记录了早餐店员、送奶工、洗车工人、环卫工等普通劳动者的工作,并通过网络平台实现量级传播,让越来越多的人关注身边的普通劳动者,感受社会积极向上的正能量。

市场化时代,关于体力劳动和劳动者的呈现与书写应该持怎样的态度,值得研究。

过去,体力劳动者曾备受推崇,“劳动最光荣”的观念长期是社会共识。这从影视作品中劳动者的形象就可以看出。新中国成立后到20世纪80年代早期,劳动者在我国不仅创造财富,而且享有尊严、有昂扬向上的精神面貌、有丰富的情感生活,关于产业工人的文化作品非常多。以电影为例,就有《大李小李和老李》《赤橙黄绿青蓝紫》等,对劳动的书写都是带有细节和情感温度的。

但是,随着市场经济的发展,人们获取收入的渠道更多元,尤其是当今信息化、智能化时代,体力劳动者的地位与社会认识也发生了变化。于是,新的议题产生了:今天,我们如何诠释劳动的价值?

我们看到,新时期具有代表性的以劳动者为主角的作品,如电影《钢的琴》《耳朵大有福》,多以转型期的阵痛为主题,而正向表现劳动者及劳动之美的作品,数量、质量都不及以往。

在这样的背景下,类似《极限劳动者》这样以普通劳动者为主角的作品出现,有着重要的意义。它以时下流行文化的形式为载体,以视频网络平台为传播渠道,以活泼现代的镜头语言为手段,让明星和普通人互动发挥传播效应,共同致敬劳动者,对重塑劳动者形象及其身份价值作出了积极尝试。从现实层面来看,它为劳动者提供了注意力这一重要的市场资源。从理论层面看,它深入劳动现场,直接记录劳动的过程和劳动者的体验。从美学层面看,它将劳动者的工作生活作为作品表现的对象,发掘戏剧性及具有美学价值的场面,形成了劳动价值的直观展示。

劳动在不同的时期有不同的价值阐释,如何将新时代的劳动价值阐释出来,劳动者的生活、文化能否成为引领社会的主流文化之一,能否为社会的价值体系提供一种新的价值观,乃至一种有吸引力的、让人向往的生活方式,是我们共同面临的话题。或许,在现有的社会结构和市场环境中,以影视等作品聚焦劳动者,发现并书写劳动者是值得尝试的途径。

(作者:许云泽)

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