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“三高”人群每年做个颈动脉彩超

2017-08-23 10:02:49   中国青年网

不要以为只有冷天儿才会发生脑中风,暑天也是脑中风的高危季节。昨天,记者从武汉多家医院的神经内科获悉,最近气温闷热,医院里的中风病人骤增,神经内科近三成病人都是因中风入院。武汉市普仁医院仅前天上午和昨天上午,急诊就送来了4个中风病人,其中两人却以为自己是天热中暑了。

以为中暑延误诊断 一人偏瘫一人昏迷

“以为是天热中暑,在家躺了两天后,直到半边身体不能动了才想到可能是中风了,还有一个送来时已经昏迷了。”说起前两天收治的两位病人,该院神经内科副主任医师程伟惋惜不已。

王先生是个建筑工人,每天顶着烈日在工地上干活。前两天正在干活的他突然感觉头晕,大汗淋漓,右边身体使不上劲,以为是中暑了,在家里躺了两天,头痛头晕始终不缓解,右边身体也不能动弹了。家人赶紧把他送到医院,检查发现颅内大面积出血。

“温度高又过于劳累,血管很容易爆裂,引起脑出血。”程伟透露,尤其是气温陡然升高,血管不适应,很容易出血。近期若出现头痛、头晕、眼花、视物模糊、走路不稳等症状,一定要尽快上医院。特别是头晕,这是很多脑中风病人的首要症状,也是最易被忽视的症状。

“我们接诊的最年轻的病人只有21岁,是个挖土车司机,因为头晕就诊,做检查发现小脑出血,血管造影显示动脉瘤,幸亏及时手术。”程伟说。

精神异常突然糊涂可能也是中风先兆

现在很多人对中风都有一定的了解,出现突然失语或口齿不清,半边肢体麻木无力时,就会想到中风。武汉市第一医院神经内科副主任医师邱昕表示,除此之外还有一些征兆大家未必知道。

比如眩晕、走路摇晃不稳、一过性的肢体无力,还有些人会出现短暂性的失忆,甚至精神异常。“大家可能以为他是老糊涂了,或者精神出问题,其实这也是中风先兆。”邱昕说,曾经接诊过一个50多岁的男士,他突然大哭起来,家人都以为是女儿出嫁了他舍不得,不管大家怎么劝都劝不住,持续哭了4个多小时,家人察觉不对劲把他送到医院,做检查发现大面积颞叶梗塞。“我们给他紧急做了静脉溶栓后,马上就恢复了正常。”

“三高”人群每年做个血管检查

“高血压、动脉硬化、高脂血症,都是中风的高危因素,但它们本身也是慢性病,这就给了你足够的时间来预防中风。”武汉市武昌医院脑卒中中心负责人张武昌透露,100个脑中风的病人,有超过50个是高血压引起来的。“一般得高血压、糖尿病、高血脂5-8年,就会出现动脉粥样硬化,而这正是引起心脑血管事件的首因。”

如何知道自己的血管有没有狭窄呢?“给大脑供血的血管,一共有4根,两侧椎动脉和两侧中动脉,如果它们出现狭窄,中风的风险就非常大。”张武昌说,有个很简单的检查:颈动脉B超,只要花几分钟,就可以对血管情况有个基本的判断。建议三高人群和有卒中家族史的人,35岁以后每年给血管做一次体检。

记者刘璇

通讯员金宇欣

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