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高校能否取消“挂科”实行学分制改革

2017-08-23 08:28:04   中国青年网

□汪昌莲

“挂科”也就是考试科目不及格,这是大学生们在校学习期间最不想面对的问题之一。因为“挂科”一旦多了,按照各学校的不同规定就要面临“劝退”“肄业”甚至“本科降为专科”。对于经历过高考的学生来说,这些委实难以接受;但是如果“挂科”众多还能混到学历学位,那么社会恐怕也难以接受。(8月20日《光明日报》)

“挂科”对于大学生来说,绝对是个沉重的话题。因为“挂科”最严重的影响,就是可能造成大学生没有学位证、毕业证,无法正常毕业。换言之,“挂科”一旦多了,将会面临“劝退”“肄业”甚至“本科降为专科”。然而,种种迹象表明,“挂科”已沦为一些高校和老师绑架学生利益的一种工具。可见,无论是高校“严进宽出”,还是“宽进严出”,抑或是“严进严出”,“挂科”制度,都有可能扮演着不光彩角色。

不可否认,“挂科”会给大学生的心理带来巨大伤害,例如会造成大学生有羞愧、恐惧、痛苦、自暴自弃等不良情绪。一般大学生得知他们“挂科”,都是在期末考试后的暑、寒假里,这样会对他们产生长时间的身心折磨。特别是,“挂科”对于大学生的就业也将造成严重影响。一般用人单位看到应聘毕业生有“挂科”经历后,考虑录用的可能性就降低了许多。最极端的例子是,吉林大学大四男生李某,因多门功课“挂科”,绝望之下杀害两名卖淫女,走上了人生不归路。

“没有挂科的大学,便不是完整的大学”,这几乎成了现代高校学子的一种共识。这在某种程度上,说明了高校教学管理的严谨。然而,“挂科”学生太多的大学,也不是完整的大学,至少表明学校在管理制度和教学方式上出了问题,挫伤了学生完成学业的积极性。可见,“挂科”制度一直为高校学子所诟病。鉴于此,自2012年开始,中国矿业大学取消了“挂科”制度,大学生如果考试不及格,可以一直考试;如果学生对自己已经取得的成绩不满意的,还可以申请再考。

取消“挂科”,才是治本之策。换言之,应取消“挂科”制度,实行学分制改革,方为上策。取消“挂科”制度,对学生本科阶段要完成的学习目标和课程总要求没有变化,学校对学生学业的督导,由原来学校行政权力干预,变成了教育和引导,更加注重培养学生自主学习、自主设计学业进度的能力。要知道,留给学生更多主动权去管理自己,规划自己的学习生涯,是高等教育区别于基础教育的一个显著特点。当然,对每学期修不满一定学分的学生,学校仍应进行警告,引导他们找到学习中的不足,跟上进度。如果最终未达到学分,只能由本科转入专科,但规避了退学风险。

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