新闻
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China

暑假让孩子们自由一点好

2017-08-23 05:21:26   中国青年网

【环球教育评说】

观察、调查、实验、制作……自己确定主题、发现问题、寻找答案。日本学生的暑假自由研究听起来就很有趣,其教育价值也很值得研究和学习。

暑假自由研究究竟有什么样的教育价值?我们从学校为什么要放寒暑假说起。19世纪中叶,在教育家霍拉斯·曼等人的推动下,美国进行了教育改革,学校放暑假便是其中的一项重要举措,这项改革得到医学和心理学界的大力支持,他们认为,学生长期“受压”不利于成长,而且夏天学生们挤在一起,容易滋生和传染疾病。20世纪初,放暑假作为一种教育制度在美国确定下来,并影响全球。

寒暑假制度的目的有两个,一是气候原因,避暑防寒,保护儿童。二是把孩子从完全规范的现代学校生活中解放出来,给他们一点时间寻找自我,接触社会和大自然。

我国著名教育家潘光旦在《假期与知识生活的解放》一文中曾说“平日学校里的学问工作,尤其是今日中国学校里的,不论他如何认真,如何周密,总不免有一大缺点,就是太注重讲义或课本,而学生太少自动研究的机会。”因此,他认为假期“便是知识饥荒者解除痛苦回复自由的上好机会”,“一样一本书,自修是一种意味,当课本读,又是一种意味,意味程度的不同,便缘自动程度的不同而差。”日本暑假自由研究的设计初衷也是如此,所谓“探究是儿童的天性,要给学生留有发展个性的体验时间,促进深度学习”。

可见,假期本来就是留给孩子的自由时间。这种自由的目的不仅仅是放松,更重要的是给他们“自动学习”的空间,从而促进深度学习。现代教育制度是工业文明的产物,是人才培养的规模化生产,这种“生产方式”可以让庞大数量的人同时接受教育,但是留给学生发展个性和独特才华以及独立自主学习的空间却很小,而个性和自主学习正是教育致力于培养创新型人才的重要特质。给孩子们一个自由的假期,让他们根据各自的兴趣、能力,确定研究主题并开展行动,即便是成绩不好的学生,也有自己感兴趣的主题。因为自己喜欢,学生能够积极学习、独自调查和研究,既能把已有的知识结合实践加以运用,又能从中获得成就感并延伸到其他学习当中。

因此,这样的一种自由学习,是提升儿童能力和自信的极好机会。更重要的是,这会让儿童找到学习的动力和热情,甚至努力的方向。日本获得诺贝尔奖的科学家数量居于世界第二,有二十多位获奖者。我们无法证明这种科研创新领域的巨大成就和小学生的暑期自由研究有关系。但是,在日本,有很多孩子从小学到初中,八九年都研究同一个主题,甚至还有不少人将基于兴趣的自由研究一直持续到大学阶段,并最终从事与这一主题密切相关的职业。谁又敢说这二者之间没有关系呢?

相比于自由研究,那些让孩子上补习班、培训班、写作业甚至抄课文的暑假是多么令人心痛。假期,并不是中断学习,而是为了实现更好学习所必需的一个调整时段,让孩子自由一点好,这个好的意义不是舒服和愉快,而是成就他的人生。

(于澜)

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11038989/20170823/31157939.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/12/26 04:46:32

Powered by China
China