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英媒称跨国车企离不开中国:在华销售利润远远高于其他地方

2017-08-22 09:12:09   中国经济网

英媒称,最近的分析表明,大多数大型汽车制造商的利润至少四分之一(在某些情况下超过一半)来自中国,大多都远远超过他们在中国销售的汽车数量占比。这还是在中国政府针对外国汽车企业出台了许多政策的情况下取得的。

据英国《金融时报》网站8月21日报道,很难说清楚他们究竟赚了多少钱——按照惯例,汽车制造商不会在财报中披露在华盈利的具体数额。

报道称,尽管外国集团只拥有合资企业的部分经济权益(通常是50%),但它们还有其他盈利的方式,包括许可费、特许权使用费以及向合资企业出售零部件,这些都有很高的利润率。

报道称,除了从销售的每辆车上赚取丰厚利润以外,外国汽车公司还受益于中国市场的高速增长。

例如,今年上半年,宝马在美国市场销量下降4%,在欧洲市场仅上升2.2%,但得益于在中国市场18.4%的增长,整体销量增长5%。中国是宝马最大的市场。

2016年大众汽车在中国市场的利润大多来自其合资企业——35亿欧元(约合274亿元人民币)。但Evercore估计,大众还从汽车进口业务中获得了3.15亿欧元(约合25亿元人民币)的利润,从零部件进口获得了12亿欧元(约合94亿元人民币)的利润,在特许权使用费上赚得19亿欧元(约合149亿元人民币)的利润。

Evercore的阿恩特·埃林霍斯特表示,高档车在中国市场的利润尤其高——中国市场的高档车主要是进口的。他说:“在中国市场销售的奔驰S级或者宝马7系的利润是其他地方的两倍多。”

Evercore的数据显示,奥迪在中国市场的销量仅占其总销量的31%,部分通过进口,部分是本地制造的,但中国市场的利润占到其利润总额的56%。

Evercore估计,宝马税前利润的28%来自中国市场——主要来自进口车的销售——而销量只有22%来自中国市场。伯恩斯坦的Robin Zhu则估计,宝马来自中国市场的利润可能高达40%至50%。

Robin Zhu表示:“你处于一个利润非常高的环境,代工厂商在中国每生产一辆车赚的比其他多数地方都多,即便把利润砍掉一半都比其他地方多。

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