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被蛇咬伤后用嘴吸?可行!

2017-08-22 04:41:54   中国青年网

据统计,全球每年被毒蛇咬伤的人数在30万以上,死亡率约为10%。而夏季是各种蛇出洞的高峰期。8月18日,从广西医科大学第一附属医院(简称医科大一附院)急诊科获悉,该院连续两晚接治了6名被毒蛇咬伤的患者。其中2人被银环蛇咬伤,2人被竹叶青蛇咬伤,1人被眼镜蛇咬伤,1人被圆斑蝰蛇咬伤,而这些蛇均为广西常见的毒蛇。

门诊见闻 两天内连续接诊6名被蛇咬伤患者

据了解,我国蛇类有200多种,广西就有100多种,每年发生的毒蛇咬伤人事件也相对较高,最常见的是被眼镜蛇、竹叶青蛇咬伤。根据广西的气候,春末、夏季、初秋都是毒蛇活动较多的季节,特别是夏天,是毒蛇咬伤高发季节。

8月11日傍晚,南宁蒲庙的一名男子在菜地劳作时,被一条蛇咬伤。好在他很沉着并没有慌张,直接把蛇打死并拍照,简单伤口处理后前往医院就医。到医院时伤口在不停渗血,皮肤有淤斑,小便也开始出血。急救医生从照片上一眼就辨别出这是一条圆斑蝰蛇,剧毒,便立即使用抗蛇毒血清进行抢救。经过3天救治,伤者的各项指标才逐渐恢复正常。

“这并不是个例。”广西医科大学第一附属医院急诊科主任医师宁宗介绍,仅8月11日、12日两天,就接到了6名被毒蛇咬伤的患者。他提醒银环蛇、竹叶青蛇、眼镜蛇、圆斑蝰蛇等蛇都是广西常见的毒蛇,人们到草丛、灌木丛、菜地等地方的时候要格外小心,谨防被毒蛇咬伤。

血清稀缺 仅医科大一附院长年配足

抗蛇毒血清是蛇伤患者的“救命药”。但在广西抗蛇毒血清并不是每个医院都配备。因为对于医院是否必须储备抗蛇毒血清,卫生行政部门并没有硬性规定。对医院来说,储备这类生物制品成本很高。冷藏环境相当严格,而且一种血清,只能应付一种蛇毒,要储备还得配全,如果过了保质期就浪费掉了,因此,很多医院不愿意储备抗蛇毒血清。

抗蛇毒血清确实比较稀缺,但不慎被蛇咬伤的市民也不用惊慌,医科大一附院长年配备着较齐全的抗蛇毒血清,可尽早到该院救治。据医科大一附院急诊科蛇毒专家李其斌教授介绍,医科大一附院每年救治蛇伤病人200多例。

该院常备毒蛇血清有:五步蛇、蝮蛇、银环蛇血清;尚无配备的毒蛇血清有:竹叶青、蝰蛇、烙铁头等。“没有血清并不意味着只能等死。”宁宗提醒,被毒蛇咬伤后,如果不知是什么蛇,或者即使知道也没有血清的,都必须及时到医院观察,通过毒发后的症状采取相对应的治疗措施。只要及时就医,基本上都能救回来。

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