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业内专家批银行理财乱象扭曲市场 呼吁打破“刚性兑付”

2017-08-20 09:56:18   央广网

央广网北京8月20日消息(记者公秀华)据经济之声《天下财经》报道,银行理财产品因为更稳健成为很多人的投资首选。不过,它背后的门道你知道吗?理财产品都投向哪?保本不保本产品怎么选?在昨天(19日)中国财富管理50人论坛2017年北京年会上,清华五道口金融学院院长吴晓灵说,银行销售的不保本又保预期收益的产品是对市场的扭曲,不保本银行理财产品全部收益都应归客户所有。

投资者购买银行理财时,除了收益率,保本不保本也是最关心的问题。清华五道口金融学院院长吴晓灵说,银行存款的特征是由银行承担盈亏风险,存款人享受固定收益,所以目前保本保收益的银行理财产品已经由监管部门认定为结构性存款,要缴纳存款准备金和占用资本金。此外,银行发行的不保本、不保收益的理财产品,符合集合投资的所有特性,发行超出200份以上的产品应按公募基金管理。而不保本却保预期收益的银行理财产品是对市场的扭曲。

吴晓灵表示:“现在银行往往在预期收益产品上有了亏损的时候,拿自己的总体利润进行弥补;一旦这个产品超出预期收益,银行又会把超出预期收益的那部分作为银行的利润计入自己的账中,他认为因为过去有亏损的我们垫了,那么有盈利应该归我。不保本的银行理财产品应该全部的收益都归客户,银行只应该收取管理费用。”

在她看来,预期收益型产品的存在,使得银行难以打破“只能赚不能亏”这种“刚性兑付”问题。未来银行理财产品应新老划断,新发产品不能再“刚性兑付”。“我们应该统一认识,现在银行理财产品的量太大了,将近30万亿,应该把它新老划断,过去的可以按照别的办法,新的产品一定不能再这样做(刚性兑付)。”吴晓灵说。

央行副行长殷勇认为,“刚性兑付”并不能消除预期收益的不确定性,它只是问题的转移,而且“刚性兑付”还会助长人们的不理性行为。他说,“‘刚性兑付’问题应该是我们面临的一个重要的课题。我认为还是要让市场机制发挥主导的作用,要让价格波动去提示我们的投资者和消费者投资有风险。如果我们不能打破‘刚性兑付’,那我们在金融监管上就应该更加严格。”

业内人士预计,未来出台的统一资管新规最大的亮点将是打破“刚性兑付”。农业银行资产管理部副总经理彭向东说,银行理财产品将由预期收益型转向净值型产品,银行只收取管理费或者有固定的分成,客户逐渐适应自担风险,“刚性兑付”的问题会慢慢随之解决。

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