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具有缓冲作用的学分制值得考虑
2017-08-19 05:16:26 中国青年网
8月12日,在沈阳某高校内读书的学生。光明图片/视觉中国
【相对论】
根据现行的学籍管理规定,正常情况下的本科学生如果在规定时间内完不成学业,就会被劝退。从这个角度来看,如果学生无法完成本科学业,安排其申请专科学业,对学生来说不失为一个“人性化”措施。毕竟只要学生能够在接下来完成专业学习,他们离开校园走上社会时不至于两手空空。
但是另一方面,我们也需要看到,本科和专科是并存的、不同的两种人才培养模式,在课程设置、学时、培养目标甚至培养方式上都不完全相同。如果只是简单的“本科转为专科”,没有体现出二者的不同,那么具体到一个学生时,就会出现问题:他未能在规定时间里达到本科人才培养的要求,那么是否转到专科就能达到人才培养要求了?成绩不达标,本科转专科,会不会给社会公众带来一个“专科要求不高”的印象?这些还需要在操作层面认真考虑。
我国高等教育实行的是学年制,学生需要在规定时间比如四年内完成本科学业,这对学生来说基本属于一个刚性要求。目前国际上比较常见的本科培养方式是学分制,对学生的学习年限要求比较宽松。比如欧美的一些高校,学生本科四年能够毕业的仅仅有一半,有些高校甚至一半都不到。我们的高等教育在面对这类问题时也不妨考虑学分制,让学生的本科学习时间有一个弹性机制,一旦有学生在学习过程中遇到困难,至少还能有一个缓冲的时间,在较为宽松的环境里争取解决自己的问题。
(作者:李立国,系中国人民大学教育学院副院长)
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