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类风湿关节炎达标治疗是关键(健康新概念)

2017-08-19 04:26:25   中国青年网

数据显示,中国有逾400万类风湿患者,其治疗不规范、延误治疗、随意停减药等情况在治疗过程中非常普遍。北京协和医院风湿免疫科主任曾小峰说,中国的类风湿关节炎患者至少要经历两年半才能最终被确诊,60%的患者以为不痛就是治愈了,80%的患者没有意识到类风湿关节炎所带来的关节破坏是不可修复的。所以说,类风湿关节炎达标治疗是关键。

曾小峰表示,类风湿关节炎也被称作“不死的癌症”,它可引发一系列症状,包括关节部位的疼痛和肿胀,其中手、足和膝盖为易发部位。该病的发病原因目前尚未知晓,但医学界普遍认定,类风湿关节炎是一种自身免疫性疾病,由于患者的免疫系统错误地将自身正常组织当作威胁并对其进行攻击,进而引发的一系列炎症反应。这是一种致残率很高的自身免疫性疾病。如果在病变早期没有得到及时、合理地治疗,最终会侵犯全身各个关节,造成肌肉萎缩、关节变形,此时患者日常生活需要有人协助,关节受累较多的患者更是终日不离床褥、不能动弹,使其无法工作学习,生活极度痛苦。

北京协和医院风湿免疫科主任医师田新平表示,达标治疗就是以病情缓解(包括临床缓解和影像学缓解)作为治疗目标,采取各种积极有效的治疗,在一定时间内将炎症或病情活动度降至较低水平或达到临床缓解。研究证实,在早期患者中,达标治疗可以比常规治疗更好、更早地控制疾病,可显著改善患者预后,有助于患者尽早回归工作和社会活动,提升生活质量。

田新平强调,在实施达标治疗的情况下,患者第一年额外花费的精力和时间最终可使此后的就诊次数减少;对于获得持续缓解的患者,还可逐渐减停药物,长期下来可降低和节省更多费用。类风湿关节炎的治疗是一个长期甚至终身的漫长过程,患者的治疗依从性与疾病的快速缓解和达标有密切关系,而给药途径也是影响患者依从性的重要因素之一。目前我国第一个被批准用于治疗类风湿关节炎口服靶向药物JAK激酶抑制剂——托法替布(尚杰??),能够阻止细胞内可导致类风湿关节炎的炎症细胞因子信号转导,为患者提供了一种新的治疗方案。

目前类风湿关节炎的主要治疗药物包括慢作用抗风湿药、免疫抑制剂(JAK激酶抑制剂)、生物制剂、非甾体抗炎药及植物药等。

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