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“城市设计”的本质是更宜居

2017-08-18 08:12:40   中国青年网

谈事说理

温 严

据报道,近日,住房城乡建设部印发《关于将上海等37个城市列为第二批城市设计试点城市的通知》,南宁市、北海市名列其中。

第二批城市设计试点城市甫一公布,南宁、北海一些嗅觉灵敏的房地产开发商闻风而动,迅速将“试点城市”作为卖点,在房地产开发项目上大加宣传。这一现象从侧面证明,城市设计的推广确有极大的吸引力,意味着生活质量及生活环境的提高。

很长一段时期以来,一些地方的城市建设因为过于追求速度,往往失之“简单粗暴”,遇山挖山,遇湖填湖,碰到老城区老房子常常一拆了事。这种简单的建设思维,造成全国各地千篇一律的钢筋混凝土“丛林”,城市原本的地形地貌、自然环境、人文景观遭到不同程度的破坏。

城市设计的核心理念在于提前统筹城市资源,立体规划、精细管理城市空间,做到凸显特色,提升城市居住品质。通过总体城市设计,既保护城市自然山水格局,又优化城市总体格局,让城市与山水林田湖等绿色空间有机融合,让居民望得见山、看得见水、记得住乡愁,体现城市精神、特色、魅力。因此,在引入城市设计理念下,城市建设或可以有效避免“千城一面”的格局,在延续城市文脉、塑造城市特色和提升城市环境品质上将发挥潜在重要的效应,加快促进城市的现代转型。

城市设计的实施,还可以改变高楼大厦鳞次栉比、休闲运动空间严重不足的城市空间布局。据报道,目前广西人均体育场地面积偏低,仅为全国水平的2/3左右。对此,日前发布的《广西全民健身公共服务体系建设工作方案》要求,全区各地要利用城市街道、公园、绿地、景区和江河湖岸等城乡空间,规划建设一批公共运动设施,力争到2020年,全区人均体育场地面积达到1.8平方米以上,达到全国平均水平。这一要求恰恰体现了城市设计的核心理念,谋划资源的最佳配置,实现均衡化布局,保障民众享受发展所带来的实惠。若理念确能落地生效,实乃百姓之福。

再者,城市设计依托原有的城市山水风貌,重新对城市格局、空间环境进行精细化设计,有效改善生态环境,补足某些工业城市环境治理方面的短板,有效保障和改善民生,增强城市的宜居性。比如,南宁的那考河湿地公园“从臭水沟到美丽公园”的蜕变,正是充分引入城市设计理念的产物,从而呈现出一幅“山水相依、城水相融、人水相亲”的美丽城市生态画卷。

“城市让生活更美好”,城市设计让城市更美好。除了南宁、北海两个入选城市之外,我们还应把城市设计理念推向更广阔的领域,让城市设计提前介入地方城市化的进程,把先进的理念渗透在新兴城市的建设当中,让人民群众过上更美好的生活。

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