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日本有门功课始终没及格

2017-08-17 10:30:56   国际在线

72年前的8月15日,日本宣布无条件投降,这是世界反法西斯战争的伟大胜利。72年后的8月15日,部分日本政要继续参拜供奉有二战甲级战犯的靖国神社,日本首相安倍晋三也向该神社献上祭祀费。

事实已经证明:72年过去了,笼罩在日本上空的军国主义阴云并未散去,日本右翼势力的所作所为,不能不警醒包括日本在内的世界各国爱好和平与正义的人民对历史与现实保持更加清醒的认识。

对日本来说,正视历史,反思战争罪行,这是一门始终没有真正完成的功课。掩盖和篡改侵略历史,修改和平宪法,政客逢战败日必参拜靖国神社等行径,充分说明日本部分政客对于战前军国主义体制的认同。

第二次世界大战结束后,日本军国主义体制并没有得到彻底清理。相反,在当年冷战秩序下,日本被美国重新武装,继续充当威胁世界和平的军事基地,这是日本右翼重新掌权,军国主义死灰复燃的政治基础。

日本右翼势力与垄断资本相结合,始终是日本可能重走军国主义道路的推手。二战结束之后,随着日本经济实力的增长,日本垄断资本的野心和欲望不断膨胀,他们不满足于日本居于“经济大国”的地位,而妄想支配亚洲和太平洋地区。但日本“经济大国”的地位又十分脆弱,国土狭窄、资源贫乏,工业用原材料大部分依赖进口。因此,日本垄断资本迫切要求修改宪法,使日本能够重整军备,扩充军事实力,以所谓“军事大国”实力来确保“经济大国”地位。随着日本经济陷入长期停滞,日本垄断资本必然求助于重新发展军工和武力,这是日本军国主义死灰复燃的经济基础。

在掌握军工集团等日本经济命脉的同时,右翼势力更深刻地渗透到日本的教育和传媒领域,他们从教科书和舆论入手,歪曲历史、美化侵略,愚弄日本人民,这是右翼势力阴魂不散的意识形态基础。

日本右翼执迷不悟,其选择的危险道路,既严重威胁世界和平,也将给日本人民造成灾难,必然引起日本社会的批判与反抗。近年来,日本思想、教育和媒体界要求正视历史的呼声都表明,日本国内批判军国主义的呼声日渐高涨。这也充分说明,日本右翼势力开历史倒车的卑劣行径不得人心。

今年是日本宣布无条件投降72周年,也是卢沟桥事变和南京大屠杀发生80周年。72年后,如何面对战败,如何反思战争罪行,如何与战前做出有效切割,如何正视历史,这是日本必须直面的课题。

日本政要坚持“拜鬼”,开历史倒车者,终将误入歧途。在参拜问题上,中方的立场非常清楚,靖国神社供奉着对侵略战争负有直接责任的二战甲级战犯,中国坚决反对日方的错误做法。日方只有切实正视和深刻反省侵略历史,同军国主义彻底划清界限,以实际行动取信于亚洲邻国和国际社会,才真正对得起该国“和平宪法”中的“和平”二字。

(作者:谢韫为中国社会科学院美国研究所学者 原标题:日本有门功课始终没及格)

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