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遏制“微腐败”需关口前移

2017-08-16 07:59:20   央广网

最近,有两则地方领导干部因索要微信红包引发争议的新闻:一是山西省政协办公厅机关党委副主任科员邢艳军过生日时,在自己组建的公务员培训群中向群成员索要红包,并喊话“没有祝福语的请抓紧退群”,山西省日前已对其作出严肃处理;二是四川凉山州普格县食品药品和工商质量监管局花山监管所工作人员肖绍彪,以儿子满周岁为名,利用微信向好友索要红包,已被县纪委监察局调查。

在一些基层干部看来,利用微信发红包或索要红包,不过是时兴的一种交往方式,并非什么大事。然而,早在2014年9月,时任中央纪委副书记、监察部部长的黄树贤就已明确表示,中纪委已将“利用电子商务提供微信红包、电子礼品预付卡等”列入“反四风”查处范围。

如何判定公职人员收受红包是否涉嫌受贿?有专家指出,受贿是法律概念,需要考虑其构成要件,能否认定为受贿或索贿需要看具体情节——第一要看金额大小,第二要看有没有利用职权谋私,这两个条件不能缺少。不过,首先要明确的是,从已经曝光的案例看,不管是否被认定为受贿或索贿,从邢艳军到肖绍彪,他们公然索要微信红包的行为,都严重损害了公务人员形象,应受到严肃处理。

《中国共产党纪律处分条例》第83条明确规定:“收受可能影响公正执行公务的礼品、礼金、消费卡等,情节较轻的,给予警告或者严重警告处分;情节较重的,给予撤销党内职务或者留党察看处分;情节严重的,给予开除党籍处分。”在专家看来,微信红包属于一种送礼或收礼金的行为,本质上与现实中的红包并无区别,因此在惩处上同样适用现行相关规定。从这个意义上说,领导干部等公职人员要意识到,在微信、微博等社交圈中,一举一动都应该对标现实中的规矩,决不能因为微信是一种新的社交方式就降低标准和要求。

不过,正像我们看到的,借助微信进行的腐败,易调查但难发现。原因很简单,不管是微信红包还是其他电子红包,只有行贿受贿的双方“你知我知”,这样的腐败比一般腐败的隐蔽性更高。

在这种情况下,除非是收受双方之间撕破脸或者被举报,否则公众监督和媒体监督都很难介入。正因如此,北京大学廉政教育中心副主任庄德水的说法就很具有代表性:“对于监管来说,重点不在于收和送本身,而在于前置性的条件。”

所谓“前置性”就是要把关口前移,让领导干部意识到通过微信索要、收受红包本身是一种违纪的行为,触犯了纪律红线。把关口前移到领导干部视线内,争取让他们能够自觉树立起拒绝红包的理念,这才是监管的要点。

远离腐败最重要的就是要防微杜渐。所有的公职人员都要认识到,索要、收受微信和支付宝红包已经构成违纪。此类“微腐败”,一旦要件具备,便会被认定为涉嫌受贿。如果公职人员都能主动拒绝红包,暗藏在微信、支付宝红包中的“微腐败”才能被有效遏制。

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