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你有“悲秋综合征”吗

2017-08-16 07:51:31   中国青年网

女人开心药典

明日看点:振奋胸阳的好方法

佟彤/著

湖南科学技术出版社

以歌手身份出道的演员乔任梁,在2016年中秋节之后于家中自杀,各种猜疑不断。之后,他的经纪人澄清说:身为明星,他承受的各种压力超过常人,包括之前人们对他的非议,最后他还是因为无力坚持而死于抑郁症。

适逢秋季,很难说乔任梁不是“悲秋综合征”的受害者。

调查显示,抑郁症已成为世界第五大疾病,中国抑郁症患者已达到3000 万人,其中高达38%的抑郁症患者是在秋冬季抑郁发作的。非但抑郁症患者,即使是在普通人群中,也有15%以上的人在秋天会有抑郁情绪的体验。在秋天的时候,情绪更容易低落、沮丧。人们总认为悲秋是因为万物凋零,使人触景生情,引起失落、忧愁之感。

但随着脑科学的发展,研究者发现,人脑的深处有一个内分泌腺叫“松果体”,这个腺体对阳光和明暗非常敏感。夏季,强烈的阳光可以抑制松果体的功能,使松果体激素分泌减少。立秋以后,白天渐短,尤其在阴雨时节,天色暗淡,松果体开始分泌大量的松果体素。松果体素就是大家知道的褪黑激素,它能调节其他激素的分泌,重点是能抑制甲状腺素和肾上腺素的分泌。

众所周知,甲状腺素能增强新陈代谢,促进机体发育。缺乏甲状腺素的时候,人会食欲不振、反应迟钝。肾上腺素能促进心跳、升高血压、升高血糖。这两种激素皆有助于思维活动的增强,使人精神振奋。它们像我们身体自带的“兴奋剂”,若这两种“兴奋剂”在血中的浓度降低,大脑细胞的功能活动就要降低,精神也开始消沉,人就变得无精打采,善感之人更会愁肠满腹。这也就是为什么,我们在阴天的时候会想睡觉,甚至会伤感。阴天多的城市,秋天之后自杀率会升高的原因,就是松果体素抑制了身体里兴奋性激素的分泌,人因此消沉乃至抑郁了。

这种悲秋的情绪引起的诸多症状被医学研究者称为“悲秋综合征”。

它的罹患者,多是平素对寒冷比较敏感的人群,常年在室内工作、体质较弱或极少参加体育锻炼的脑力劳动者,女性患者较多,年龄主要集中在 20岁到 50 岁之间。简而言之,体弱怕冷而不好动的人、本身火力就不壮实的人,更容易悲秋,典型的就是林黛玉型的淑女。

既然原理如此,减轻“悲秋综合征”的办法就是提高身体的兴奋性,可以借助药物,也可以借助生活中的技巧、手段。最简单的、成本最低的办法,就是每天至少有半小时左右的时间,晒着太阳扩扩胸。

晒太阳是直接补充阳气,可以减少能致人悲伤的松果体素的分泌,再通过扩胸,使因为伏案或久居室内而郁结的气机舒展开来,阳气由此得以振奋,身体也就兴奋起来了,抑郁沮丧情绪自然一扫而光了。

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