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无人机有人管了

2017-08-16 07:27:44   中国青年网

中国民航局表示,今年上半年共收到无人机影响航班运行报告44起,与去年同期相比增加37起;受影响航班790班,与去年同期相比增加689班。无人机产业快速发展,但无人机飞行却处于“无人管”状态,凸显法律和监管空白。无人机实名登记制等措施出台,有望改变这一状况

北京的跑道、上海的流控、广州的远机位、深圳的雷雨、昆明的雾、成都的无人机——最近,网上流传着“民航六大惹不起”段子,让民航四川监管局航空安全办公室主任彭勃深有感触。

今年4月21日,受无人机事件干扰,成都双流国际机场65个航班曾一度返航备降、39个航班盘旋等待、超过1万名旅客滞留,由此造成的安全隐患和经济损失难以估量。

这已不是第一次。数据显示,从2016年至今,四川监管局共收到无人机影响运行安全事件报告37起,其中12起事件导致10个以上航班受到影响,涉及双流国际机场、绵阳机场、广汉机场等,发生在14∶00到20∶00之间的扰飞事件占所有事件比例的78%。

遭遇无人机扰飞的不只是四川。今年2月份,昆明长水机场连续发生4起无人机事件,最严重的1起事件中,无人机距离飞行中的客机仅约50米。据统计,北京首都机场2016年发生19起异常升空物事件,其中6起是无人机。

7月份召开的中国民航局例行新闻发布会上,中国民航局运行监控中心党委书记张春枝透露,今年上半年共收到无人机影响航班运行报告44起,与去年同期相比增加37起;受影响航班790班,与去年同期相比增加689班。

想找出幕后操手?这有些困难。彭勃告诉记者,大部分的扰飞无人机由较专业的“飞手”操纵,37起发生在四川范围内的不明飞行物扰飞警情在通知属地公安机关查找后,均未找到不明飞行物及放飞人员。

针对无人机“黑飞”屡次逼停民航成为“隐形杀手”,中国民航局不久前发布了《民用无人驾驶航空器实名制登记管理规定》,明确自2017年6月1日起,最大起飞重量在250克以上的民用无人机开始实施实名登记注册;已购买无人机的个人,需在2017年8月31日前完成登记注册;逾期未注册,其行为将被视为违反法规的非法行为,无人机使用也将受到影响。

张春枝指出,在民航局等部门采取了无人机实名登记、发布宣传片等一系列管理措施之后,6月份无人机影响航班运行事件开始呈下降趋势,与5月份相比,无人机影响航班运行事件减少14起,影响航班减少205班。

“截至6月12日,注册登记无人机数量已达到4.5万架,今后对于违规使用或恶意操作无人机,将予以追责。”南京航空航天大学航空宇航学院教授昂海松表示。

在昂海松看来,我国无人机产业近年来虽发展迅速,但很多无人机厂家仅负责加工组装,并不承担研发职责,拥有完全自主生产能力的更是少数。“总体设计优化技术、自主控制导航与避障能力、智能软件设计水平、任务设备的适应能力、高清视频传输能力、续航能力,以及安全性与可靠性将是未来国内无人机技术发展的重点。”昂海松称。

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