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日本战败72周年 安倍“8·15”向靖国神社献祭祀费

2017-08-15 15:41:21   央广网

就在日本战败72周年纪念日的前3天,中国大陆最后一位起诉日本政府的“慰安妇”幸存者黄有良离世。昨天(14日),黄有良的葬礼在她的家乡海南省举行。随着老人的含恨离世,海南曾经赴日参与诉讼日本政府的8位老人,全部未能等到日本政府道歉的那一天。8月14日世界慰安妇纪念日当天,韩国民众将慰安妇少女像搬上了他们的公交车,让她与乘客并肩而“坐”,以提醒人们勿忘历史。

据《读卖新闻》报道,今天日本6个在野党派分别发表了谈话和声明。其中,民进党在声明中表示了与安倍内阁对立的坚决态度,对于安倍内阁“无视立宪主义及和平主义、强行推动修宪的做法”表达了强烈不满,并强调“将力阻安倍政权强行通过解禁集体自卫权”。

自由党也发表谈话称:“在战败日表明不能再次发起战争的反省之意才是对战亡者真正的悼念。”

因丑闻而被迫改组内阁的安倍,目前正迎来其谋求长期执政路上的新拐点,对于今年他采取的不参拜靖国神社而是供奉祭品的方式,外界分析,安倍此举是优先考虑了与邻国改善关系,因为安倍认为有必要与中韩两国加强合作。中国国际问题研究院东亚问题专家杨希雨认为,安倍的行为反映了其作为一个政客的两重性。

杨希雨称,安倍本人不去参拜却又送预算这种扭扭捏捏的行为本身,一方面表现出他顽固坚持其右翼方面的一些错误立场的认知不肯改变,比如在靖国神社问题上不肯做彻底的切割;另一方面也反映出他不得不顾及日本国内外正义的声音和正义的立场所带来的巨大压力,不管安倍自己对这个问题有什么样的认识,他是不敢公开对抗的。

如今安倍支持率持续走低。日本时事通讯社日前进行了“谁最适合当下届日本首相”的舆论调查,结果显示,自民党前干事长石破茂以18%的支持率排名榜首,而现任首相安倍晋三只获得14.4%的支持率位列第二,小泉纯一郎的儿子小泉进次郎获得13.1%的支持率,排名第三。

杨希雨认为,安倍处境确实不好,但是并没有陷入绝境。因为安倍在日本当前国内政治当中算比较幸运的。虽然他自己的表现不好,他的一些政策也饱受批评,但反对党却没有一个能够提出比他更好的主张、或者能够就对安倍的批评提出建设性建议的政治人物出面。也就是说安倍很弱,但是他的政治对手更弱。这个局面恰恰反映出日本政坛正处于重新大洗牌的前夜,这种情况其实预示着一方面安倍的执政地位还没有受到实质性的威胁,但另一方面,后安倍时代正紧锣密鼓地布局。这不仅是换一个首相或者换一个政党的问题,而是日本的政局可能会发生力量对比的结构性改变。

据《读卖新闻》报道,日本社民党在今天的谈话中提出:“安倍修改宪法一旦实现,将把日本从‘放弃战争的国家’变成‘进行战争的国家’。”

对此,杨希雨分析,在面临朝鲜导弹由潜在威胁变成现实威胁的过程当中,日本右翼势力,特别是安倍政府正极力利用这个变化来做大自己的军事力量,尤其是改变军事力量的性质,也就是由所谓的由“放弃战争的国家”变成可以“进行战争的国家”。这种可能性不但引起了日本周边国家,尤其是曾经饱受日本侵略苦难的国家的警惕,同时也引起了日本国内和平主义势力的警惕。因此,在当前的局势下,对于日本来说一个非常尖锐但是又复杂的挑战就是,如何一方面有效应对朝鲜的弹道导弹威胁,而另一方面也有效防止右翼势力趁导弹威胁把日本拉向错误的方向。

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