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走路别贪多 过度反伤身

2017-08-15 07:55:58   中国青年网

赵明月

走路虽然是一种非常健康的锻炼方式,但如果锻炼不当,也会对身体造成一定的危害。

北京大学第三医院运动医学研究所教授田得祥指出,走路是最稳妥的运动,好操作,对身体也很有好处,适合大部分人,但得讲究量和度。他告诫“暴走族”,走路多少应因人而异,过犹不及,不能盲目攀比跟风,要讲究方法。

走路太多三大伤害

骨关节损伤 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院骨科主治医师孔庆喆在日常接诊中,发现“暴走族”的一些问题。这些人走路时,有的过快,有的步幅过大,还有的用力过猛,这样对下肢关节损伤较大,特别是髋关节和膝关节。刚开始磨损的是软骨和半月板,进而会磨损骨组织,久而久之,还易造成髋和膝部位的骨关节炎。

关节肌肉损伤 中国青年政治学院体育教学中心副教授张韶光认为,除了关节的磨损,长期“暴走”还可能对膝、踝及脚后跟的肌肉韧带和骨膜造成劳损。即便步数不多,如果走路的姿势不太正确,仍可能造成脚外侧的损伤,出现脚外侧疼痛。

内脏伤害 令人想不到的是,走路太多会增快脉搏,增加呼吸频率,把控不好度,会伤害呼吸系统和心血管系统。田得祥提醒,走路过量对心脏的危害十分严重。

每天走多少依心率而定

北京协和医院骨科主治医师徐启明建议,应根据每个人的饮食摄入量、工作强度和自身体力等诸多因素,来综合计划自己走多少步,既可一次走完,也可根据情况分几次走。有余力的人可适当增加步数。

这么走,最健康

做好准备工作 走路前最好进行准备活动,比如抻拉四肢的韧带和肌肉,活动踝关节和膝关节,准备大约10分钟-15分钟后再进行快走为好。

挑缓冲好的鞋 张韶光提醒,因为平时主要在硬路上走路,如方砖路、水泥路、沥青路,所以一定要选择缓冲性能好的运动鞋。田得祥还建议,尽量选择土路锻炼,对关节的保护效果较好。

穿宽松裤 有条件尽量穿高弹性裤子,对膝关节、踝关节有保护作用。没条件的话,可选择穿宽松的裤子。

姿势放松 尽量放松摆臂,如果太用劲,可能会造成肩关节和后背的肌肉损伤;腿的步伐也要放松,不要刻意用力,否则也易造成腿部肌肉和韧带损伤。

带条毛巾,护好肚脐 快走会出汗,建议预备一条小毛巾,出汗随时擦,以免受凉。肚脐也要保暖,锻炼时护好肚脐这一圈,不要大声讲话,防止受凉。

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