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内蒙古 农牧民牵手龙头企业奔小康(守望相助七十载 壮美亮丽内蒙古)

2017-08-15 05:11:25   中国青年网

火热夏日,内蒙古河套灌区丰收在即。巴彦淖尔市临河农场一望无际的麦田旁,扑面而来的热浪让人有点喘不上气,农民孔宪忠却难抑丰收的喜悦,他向无人机操作员交待完给小麦喷洒富硒液的事儿,告诉记者:“我们合作社流转了一万多亩土地种植有机富硒小麦,亩产接近1000斤,每斤能卖2元钱,刨去成本每亩净收入超过1000元;收完小麦,部分土地还可复种西兰花,每亩纯收入1800元。加起来,一亩地纯收入大约3000元……”

近年来粮食价格逐年走低,记者迫不及待地想了解他如何靠种小麦致富。“很简单,一要种出高质量的小麦,另一方面也是最重要的,要和企业签合同,按订单销售。”

老孔所说的企业是内蒙古兆丰河套面业有限公司。为什么这家企业敢用高出市场的价格收购粮食?

“告别传统的生产方式,实现农产品绿色、有机,从而提高附加值。”河套小麦产业化研究院院长李国强答道,“还有一条,我们自主研发的石碾制粉工艺,有效解决了传统石磨制粉含砂超标和现代钢磨制粉导致小麦原有营养成分和芳香味被破坏的弊端。我们的面粉保证了最高的品质,当然能卖出好价钱。”

这些面粉的市场价从每斤几十元到一百多元不等,附加值提高了几十倍。而公司也根据产品特性的不同要求,因地制宜地与农民合作社(农户)建立起不拘一格的新型合作模式。

针对河套小麦品种特性和河套地区特有的种植条件,经过多年栽培试验,企业总结出一整套绿色小麦、富硒小麦、有机小麦的栽培技术规程。农户按标准种植,企业向农户定向收购绿色小麦,每公斤4.2元;收购富硒小麦,每公斤4.4元,均比市场价格高出1.4元。兆丰公司2016年与9家农民专业合作社、16个乡镇苏木,共2100余家农户签订了小麦种植协议,协议种植绿色、富硒小麦3万亩。

在内蒙古从东走到西,和孔宪忠一样告别“单打独斗”的散户经营,转而与企业组成利益共同体的农牧民比比皆是,方式也多种多样。在阿拉善盟阿左旗巴彦诺日公苏木苏海图嘎查,牧民胡开竟将草场退牧还草、种植梭梭和肉苁蓉,产品卖给当地企业,还能拿到每亩260元的政府补贴,保守年收入10多万元;在兴安盟突泉县永安镇永长村,丧失劳动能力的农民仁宝忱夫妻俩享受到盟里的“承贷分红”政策,银行将支持贫困户的扶贫贷款放给企业,3年后本金由企业偿还,农户不承担贷款风险,还可按照每年10%的分红按月领钱……

自治区农牧业厅相关负责人介绍,2014年自治区出台政策文件,引导推动龙头企业与农牧民建立利益联结的长效机制。目前共有1505家规模以上龙头企业与农牧民建立了利益联结机制,占规模以上龙头企业的81%。带动农牧民就业39万人,213万农牧民进入产业化经营链条,农牧民人均从产业中获得纯收入4829元,占农牧民人均可支配收入的44.8%。

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