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读书应做“局外人”
2017-08-15 04:31:12 中国青年网
《家国书事》作为一本书评集,集中表达了作者对历史、社会与经济等方面的系列见解。在作者陈华文看来,诸如政治秩序、经济建设、社会发展、科学人文等等,都可能成为时代变革的推手。这种立足历史与现实、世界与中国、理论与实践的读书维度,为读者描绘了一幅绚丽多姿的知识图谱。
书中可以看出,作者在研读历史之书时,是以中西方比较的维度进行着,这就表现出一种严谨、开阔的治学态度。书中的每一篇阅读笔记,并没有简单地对所评之书进行简单的复述,而是提出自己的观点,具有思考性和研究指向。比如本书第一辑“历史进程的刚与柔”中,在开篇“多位视角下的全球历史”一文中,所评之书乃美国著名历史学家麦克尼尔的著作《世界史》。在读完这部学术名著之后,陈华文认为,麦克尼尔的历史观虽然是非西方中心主义的,然而麦克尼尔对中国古代历史文明的叙述并不出彩,尤其是对儒家、道家及其官僚制度的叙述和评价,均停留在常识介绍的浅层,这与麦克尼尔的名气显得并不匹配。关于西方历史与文明的思考中,《家国书事》这本书中,对于英美的崛起与迷失、苏格兰对于现代世界文明的贡献、工业革命为什么发生在英国、二战后的现代世界、巴西足球王国背后的利益较量等等问题,他都进行了独到的分析。这正所谓:读书与思考,如同一对孪生兄弟如影随形。
对于社会建设、经济发展、科技进步等问题,本书作者也同样关注。尤其是对于当代世界中挑战贫困、摆脱贫困的系列问题,作者在阅读中不断寻找、探索其对策。前两年,法国经济学家皮凯蒂的著作《21世纪资本论》曾风靡世界,在我国学界也受到格外的关注。有人误以为此书就是当代的《资本论》,然而陈华文在研读此书后,认为这本书所探讨的经济发展与困局,仅局限于西方资本主义发达国家,发展中国家的经济建设问题,并不在探讨范畴之内。他在“破解现代资本运作秘诀”一文中强调:一本广泛赞誉的经济学著作,如果忽略了新兴的市场经济国家的眼界,对于“资本运作与人的社会性之间的矛盾”开不出药方,这无疑是令人遗憾的。由此可见,陈华文在广泛的阅读中,一直抱着“局外人”的审视心理,没有被书籍牵着鼻子走。
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