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一条毛巾上的外贸变革

2017-08-15 04:16:44   中国青年网

“80后”景毅是河南一家小纺织厂的“老板”,今年他不再追着外贸商讨订单、求着要货款,而是坐在办公室里开起了网店,一条条毛巾通过跨境电商平台行销海外。

“客户不是上帝,在中小微外贸企业那里外贸商才是上帝”,以前这是不少像景毅的纺织厂一样的中小微企业的真实写照。长期以来,中小微企业的产品难以直接进入国际市场,过长的出口链条造成外贸加工企业的利润被不断摊薄。

5年前,景毅从父亲手中接过家族生意的“接力棒”,从“接棒”那刻起,他便感到做外贸“真难”。景毅的纺织厂位于河南省商水县,主要生产、出口棉毛巾、朝拜巾,长期以来当地“纺织服装等中小微企业一大片,能行销海外的却不多”。

“以前最重要的事是给外贸商打电话,我们接触不到客户,订单和货款都要经外贸商的手。订单是从外贸商手里讨来的,讨不来订单,时间长了就要关门歇业。为了防止员工流失,有时赔钱也得生产。”景毅说。

最让景毅头疼的不是赔钱生产,而是大笔账款卡在外贸商手中,有时想赔钱生产却连开动生产线的钱都不够。

“今年我扬眉吐气了。”景毅对记者说。原来今年3月份,景毅在一家跨境电商平台上开设了网店,短短半年,网店的营业额就突破了百万美元。现在毛巾、朝拜巾的出口,从撮合交易,到通关、结汇、退税等都通过电商平台完成,景毅当起了“甩手掌柜”。

“一顶帽子大家戴”,越来越多的中小微外贸企业开始直接参与国际贸易。贸易形态从集装箱变成小包裹,贸易链条也从大批量、低频次变成小批量、多品种、个性化。

今年7月,在郑州举办的全球跨境电子商务大会上,APEC跨境电子商务创新发展研究中心主任王健说:“跨境电商使全球市场发生了深刻变化,主要体现在所谓的贸易碎片化,中小微企业参与到了全球贸易当中,我们把它总结为全球贸易出现了普惠贸易的趋势。”

景毅的纺织厂外贸方式的变化是当前普惠贸易的一个缩影,也得益于河南正大力推进的跨境电商综试区建设。

2016年1月,国务院批准在河南设立中国(郑州)跨境电子商务综合试验区,赋予河南先行先试的使命。目前,河南已成为中部省份重要的跨境电商物流分拨中心,也是内陆功能性口岸最多的省份。菜鸟智能骨干网、阿里巴巴中西部跨境电商服务中心、国美全球仓等一大批跨境电商项目在河南落地建设,UPS、联邦快递等知名物流企业在河南加速布局。

2016年,河南省跨境电商交易额达到768.6亿元,比上年翻了一番多,助推河南外贸首次进入全国十强。目前,全省跨境电商备案企业4000多家,在各类跨境电商平台开设店铺超过50万个,直接带动近500万人就业。

现在,跨境电商让景毅这样的中小微企业主重新燃起了信心。今年景毅淘汰了纺织厂的老旧设备,上马了一批新机器。“我的客户主要是‘一带一路’沿线国家,别看我的工厂规模小,工艺一点不马虎,对未来我充满信心。”景毅笑着说。

(新华社郑州8月14日电 记者孙清清 牛少杰)

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