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蚊子爱咬哪些人?

2017-08-14 15:49:02   中国青年网

立秋过后,蚊子异常凶猛。很多人感慨“蚊子就喜欢B型血!”也有人认为蚊子喜欢“O型血”。蚊子还有根据血型来叮咬人的“本领”?专家表示,蚊子咬人还真不挑血型,它们更喜欢散发气味的人。

揭秘

“嘴开花”的雄蚊不咬人

目前,世界上已经被人们认识并命名的蚊子约3500种。蚊子的种类繁多,但是北京常见的有淡色库蚊、白纹伊蚊和三带喙库蚊三类。

库蚊活动大多在夜间;伊蚊是大家所说的小黑蚊子,在白天追着人吸血,吸血高峰为早上8至9时和下午4至5时;还有一种蚊子名叫三带喙库蚊,属于典型的稻田型蚊子,现在这种蚊子已经“进城”了,北京的一些公园中已经发现了它们的踪迹。

立秋之后,蚊子还不会立刻减少,天气转冷后,很多蚊子才会进入室内。俗话说,“秋天的蚊子嘴开花”,这种“嘴开花”的蚊子是雄蚊。与雌蚊相比,雄蚊头上有两根羽毛状物质,看起来像嘴开花。雄蚊子并不吸血,凶猛吸血的都是雌蚊子。

答疑

蚊子爱叮体温高的人

北京市疾控中心副主任曾晓芃介绍说,一般气温降到10摄氏度以下时,蚊子就会停止繁殖,不食不动进入冬眠,第二年春天苏醒后又出来咬人;最适宜蚊子生活的温度是30℃左右。有些蚊子是以成蚊形式过冬, 选择一个比较隐蔽的地方躲起来;有的蚊子是以卵的形式过冬,这样的蚊子因为是最后一次吸血产卵,因此咬起人来格外凶猛。

那么哪些人容易被蚊子咬呢?专家称,体温高(如:新陈代谢快、基础体温比成人高的孩子)、呼出二氧化碳多的人(如:孕妇),爱出汗有体味的人,化妆或喷发胶的人,穿深色衣服的人等。

提醒

少用香水护肤露

想要避开蚊子的叮咬,专家建议,根本办法就是减轻身体散发的“气味”,比如:运动后应尽快洗澡,天热流汗多,要及时用纸巾、手绢擦去汗液等。另外,夏天最好少用香水、护肤露等化妆品。

而居家防蚊子最主要的是清除蚊虫的孳生地:花瓶和水养植物至少每周彻底换水一次,彻底清理空调托盘、花盆底碟内的积水,有盖子要把盖子盖好;卫生间和厨房的地漏处要保证没有积水,可以喷点杀虫剂,不给蚊子生存空间,垃圾桶最好加盖;蚊帐是最好的物理防蚊方法,也可以使用蚊香、杀虫剂等来灭蚊,建议使用电热蚊香液与电热蚊香片,在天黑入睡前密闭房间点燃蚊香1小时,然后开窗通风。

电蚊香的作用是驱蚊,因此要将蚊香放在通风处上风向。此外, 杀虫气雾剂喷洒完毕后,最好关闭门窗半小时到一小时,然后再开窗通风。

本报记者贾晓宏 J146

小贴士

止痒方法

1.被蚊子叮咬,可用碱性物质进行缓解,如氨水,也可将香皂蘸水在红肿处涂抹,这样能在数分钟内止痒。

2.如果叮咬处很痒,可先用手指弹一弹,再涂上花露水、风油精等。

3.用盐水涂抹或冲泡痒处,这样能使肿块软化,还可以有效止痒。

4.可切一小片芦荟叶,洗干净后掰开,在红肿处涂擦几下,就能消肿止痒。

5.涂一些驱蚊产品,这样身上会有蚊子讨厌的气味,就能把远到30米的蚊子都隔离开。

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