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暑假看似长学生其实忙:意大利学生暑假生活面面观

2017-08-14 10:03:01   央广网

意大利学生暑期学习打篮球。资料图片

大学生利用暑期在咖啡馆打工。资料图片

当和意大利家长谈论起学生们的暑假时,通常总会听到滔滔不绝地抱怨。家长们普遍认为,从6月上旬即已陆续开始的暑假,要一直延续到9月上旬。许多家长因要忙于工作,不得不将孩子们暂时托付给家中老人,或者报名参加各种夏令营活动,这给家长们的精力和经济造成很大负担。

乍看上去,意大利学生的暑假确实漫长,但暑假并没有想象中那么轻松。各个年龄段的学生们不仅要完成学校布置的大量作业,还要有针对性地参加各类学科拓展活动和社会实践活动。当然,一些别出心裁的“另类作业”也为学生们的暑期生活增添了不少色彩。总之,意大利学生们在暑期真的很忙。

1.假期虽不短 作业并不少

意大利法律规定,各大区政府下设的学校办公室负责制定一年中的学校教学计划,可根据具体情况灵活安排学生暑期的具体日期,但要保证每年不低于200天的上课时间。事实上,意大利普通学校的上课时间均安排为每年208天左右,通常在9月第二周或第三周结束暑假,开始新的学期。结束学期的时间则由意大利教育部统一规定,以保证全国范围内的学校在6月同一时间开始期末考试。

根据经济合作与发展组织的统计数据,意大利学生的有效上课时间要高于欧洲国家的平均水平,主要原因在于意大利学校每节课时长1个小时,而绝大部分欧洲国家每课时均为45至50分钟。同时,意大利学校要保证每年200天的上课时间,这一数值同样高于部分欧洲国家。例如在希腊,学生们一年中的上课时间平均仅为175天。

经合组织今年6月发表了一份针对所有成员国学生暑期作业量的调查报告。调查结果显示,意大利15岁学生平均每周需要4.1小时完成科学和数学作业、4.4小时完成意大利语作业,几乎是芬兰学生的两倍时间。对此,该组织专家在接受意大利《共和国报》采访时表示,虽然很难准确计算出学生们完成暑期作业的时间,但毫无疑问意大利学生们不得不将大量暑假时间用于完成作业。学生们对于繁重的暑假作业同样感到焦虑,甚至有时为了完成假期作业而不得不放弃和家人出游的计划。

意大利知名教育心理学家费拉利斯表示,为学生们布置一定的假期作业十分必要,可以避免学生们荒废学业,特别是那些很容易忘记的知识点。学生们可选择每天抽出一定时间专心于完成作业,循序渐进地对学习内容进行复习和预习,而不要等到假期即将结束时突击完成。

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