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莫使“金句”成“津句”(大地漫笔)

2017-08-14 05:23:26   中国青年网

听说好的文章,往往是有金句的。

比如鲁迅先生的《秋夜》。文章内容固然出彩,但能够流传甚远,很大程度上还要得益于那句“在我的后园,可以看见墙外有两株树,一株是枣树,还有一株也是枣树。”没有这句话,《秋夜》的影响力怕是要弱一些。又比如我们耳熟能详的诸多古典诗文,张口即来、提笔能写的多是其中的名言佳句,常引之作典或为“掉书袋”的资本。但若真让你背诵全文,默写全篇,能做到的怕是不多。可见,金句常是一篇文章的精华所在,也是文章不朽于世、风行于时的名片。

于是乎,以“语不惊人死不休”的心态去打造“金句”,成为许多作者努力的方向,尤其在当下。我们经常读到一些“镶嵌”着金句的文章。有的“金句”,单看确实耀眼,是作者狠下了一番功夫“熬制”出来的,但放在全文中,感觉十分突兀,有种平地起高楼、坦途现雄峰之感,好似一面普通的墙,中间挖了一个或几个洞,嵌进了金砖,怎么看都觉得有些别扭。知情者了解是作者苦心凝结而成,不知者还以为是找人代笔所作。这样的金句,难免沦为“津句”——让人有种汗津津的尴尬。

金句的得来,有“妙手偶得之”的灵感运气,也需要“拈断数茎须”的打磨思虑,用心琢磨、全力设计出令人难忘的好句子,本无可厚非。但金句能称为“金”,绝不仅是句子本身的功劳,而是其或提纲挈领,或画龙点睛的意义。在开头,先声夺人,引人入胜;在文中,凝练核心,扭住思想;在结尾,精彩收笔,引人遐思。它们不是嵌入,是融入,与全篇的文气文脉不脱节,与文章的情感主旨相协调。正如鲁迅的《秋夜》,颇具镜头感的开头给人以身临其境又惊艳新奇之感,而读完全文,你会发现文章的整体基调和语言风格与开头衔接得自然无碍,两株枣树的分别特写为文章奠定出一种清冷、孤傲的秋夜意境,在全篇一以贯之。这样的句子,为全篇提了神,注了气,方才称得上是金句。

真正的金句,是万花丛中最美的那朵花,而非荒漠中赫然耸立的塔。宜融不宜嵌,得心又得体,赏心又悦目,入脑又入心。

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