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“禁儿童独处”须有可执行性

2017-08-13 06:51:57   中国青年网

杨玉龙

近年来,由于父母监护不到位,未成年人游泳溺水、坠楼等意外事件时有发生。目前,《广西壮族自治区实施<中华人民共和国未成年人保护法>办法(修订草案)》(以下简称修订草案)面向社会各界征集意见。修订草案规定——禁止未满八周岁未成年人独处。

为了保护未成年人,类似的规定,在其他省份也出现过。比如,《南京市未成年人保护条例》就提出,不得让未满六周岁未成年人独处。尽管各地在年龄限定上不同,其目的都是督促监护人履行好自身责任,为未成年人提供安全的成长环境,使其免于伤害。

规定虽好,道理都懂,关键是如何将这样的规定落到实处,谁又去监督落实,发生事故后,谁又能按照法律条文较真,去追究监护人的法律责任?

广西提出的未满8周岁不能独处,同样也面临着执行性的问题。同时,在何为“独处”上也会存在争议。孩子与家长距离多远、单独一人时间多长算“独处”?每个家庭条件、环境因素不同,在某些状况下,家长可能并不认为孩子是“独处”。

“禁止未成年人独处”见于立法是好事一桩,这也意味着保护和关爱未成年人,不仅仅停留在社会道德范畴,于家庭而言,更是一种法定的监护责任。同时,唯有法律“长牙齿”,也才能约束未成年人监护人的行为。这个“牙齿”如何长出来并且发力,更需要配套政策和措施的跟进。

事实上,保护未成年人是一道社会综合考题。监护人的尽心尽力为之至关重要。同时也需要与之配套的社会福利及救助体系的健全来纾解,比如,社会机构、组织等协作,托管平台的搭建等等。唯有全社会共同努力,才能构建起未成年人安全监护网。

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