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综合工时制并非超时用工“保护伞”

2017-08-12 10:18:22   中国青年网

本报讯 (记者杨召奎)在上海某服装超市从事销售工作的王辉近日向记者反映, 自己与超市签订的劳动合同约定,他的工作岗位实行综合计算工时制,做一休一轮班,工作时间参照公司开店和关店时间,每天10.5个小时,轮到五一、十一等法定节假日不休息。我经常加班,可单位却从来没给过我加班费。像我们这种做一休一的工作,没有加班费吗?”王辉不解。

王辉向单位要求支付加班费时,领导告诉他,他一年中包括法定节假日的工作时间是182.5天,每天工作10.5个小时,共为1916.25个小时,未超过1999.68小时的限制,所以不应该支付加班费。

在北京工作的刘方也曾遇到了类似问题。2008年1月,刘方入职北京某物业公司,负责配电室巡查工作。双方签订了劳动合同,约定岗位实行综合计算工时制。2015年10月,刘方离职,要求物业公司支付休息日加班费及法定节假日加班费。

法院在审理过程中查明,双方劳动合同约定刘方在职期间适用综合工时制,且公司配电岗位已进行综合工时制(年周期)审批,因此判决物业公司无需支付休息日加班费,但需要支付法定节假日加班费。

对此,北京中闻律师事务所劳动法部主任沈斌倜告诉记者,我国目前有三种工作时间制度,即标准工时制、综合计算工时制、不定时工时制。其中综合计算工时制,指企业因工作情况特殊或受季节和自然条件限制,需要安排职工连续作业,无法实行标准工时制度,采用以周、月、年等为周期计算工作时间的工时制度。

“由于综合计算工时制以被批准的计算周期来计算工作时间,所以其工作时间不受标准工时制最高额的限制。”沈斌倜说,“比如被批准的计算周期是年,则在一个季度中,总工作时间为20.83天×12个月×8小时=1999.68小时,而没有每天8小时和每周40小时的限制。但在一年的周期内,如果工作超过1999.68小时的部分,则应算加班,企业需要按照本人小时工资标准的150%支付加班费。”

另据原劳动部《关于贯彻执行〈中华人民共和国劳动法〉若干问题的意见》第62条的规定,实行综合计算工时工作制的企业职工,工作日正好是周休息日的,属于正常工作;工作日正好是法定节假日的,应当依照不低于劳动者正常情况下本人日工资的300%的标准,支付加班工资。因此,王辉与刘方一样,可以领法定节假日期间上班的加班费。

沈斌倜同时表示,“综合工时制并非企业超时用工‘’,只有特定行业、特定岗位的职工才能实行此制度,而且还需要经过工会或者职工代表大会同意以及劳动保障行政部门批准,企业自己决定实行综合工时制属无效。”

“保护伞”

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