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成君忆《烈火三国》最快三天读懂

2017-08-12 07:54:02   中国青年网

近日,东方出版社推出《三国演义》又一个版本——《烈火三国》(上下卷),该作品被称为“史上最通俗版《三国演义》”。一个正常阅读速度的读者,读完罗贯中版《三国演义》需要一个月甚至更长时间,但是成君忆版《三国演义》一个读者最快三天就可以全部读懂。成君忆说,他之所以创作“成君忆版”《烈火三国》,并不是为了标新立异,也不是为了故作惊人之论,而是为了与罗贯中的《三国演义》遥相呼应,形成支持,9到99岁的读者都可以从中探明历史、发现自己的人生。

相比于刘心武续《红楼梦》,成君忆的举动更加大胆,他根据自己10年治学经验,将罗贯中的《三国演义》重写。一是因为罗贯中的《三国演义》的语言,现代读者读起来已经相对艰涩难懂。二是罗贯中在谋篇布局时,对历史资料的取舍是存在问题的:有的地方资料少,写得就有些干巴;有的地方资料多,写得就有些臃肿。三是《三国演义》里面一些人名、地名和官称上的错误,都让成君忆决定重写《三国演义》。

在创作中成君忆思考得最多的,就是如何让通俗和深刻在创作中得到同时实现。从通俗上讲,要让从9岁到99岁各个年龄段的读者都爱看。从深刻上讲,要让每一个读者产生心灵上的触动。

首先,罗贯中的《三国演义》要讲述的,是一个“合久必分”“分久必合”的历史周期律问题。但成君忆认为,罗贯中并没有写出历史周期律的奥秘和细节,使得这个创作主题在《三国演义》里面显得语焉不详。成君忆调整了他的视线,把创作主题转向了一个民族的毁灭与新生。新作之所以被命名为《烈火三国》,就是因为全书以《烈火歌》贯穿,“烈火”喻义着巨大的灾难和巨大的毁灭,但同时也喻义着新生。

其次,成君忆对全书的整体结构也做了调整。成君忆说,“罗版三国”虽然是一部文学名著,但它所掌握的资料非常丰富、非常庞杂,远远超过了陈寿的《三国志》。在创作中,成君忆大胆地添加了许多有趣的情节,例如:对赤壁之战、七擒孟获的补充和丰富。与此同时,他也砍掉了《三国演义》中许多啰唆的叙述,最终把一百二十回《三国演义》改写成了九十六章的《烈火三国》。

《烈火三国》的第三个特点,就是成君忆自己说的“基于学术研究的创作”。成君忆的学术能力很强,对历史学的研究也颇为精深。这一次,针对《三国演义》里面一些人名、地名和官称上的错误,他都做了大量的查考和必要的校正,例如把“幽州太守刘焉”校正为“幽州刺史刘焉”,把“王子服”校正为“李服”,把“杨大将”校正为“杨弘”,把错写成三个地方的“江陵、南郡、荆州”还原为历史上的一地三名。

《烈火三国》的语言是第四个特点。成君忆把《三国演义》里面的古体诗全部改写成了现代诗,汉灵帝刘宏写的《小风歌》,汉少帝刘辩写的《燕子歌》,甚至于蔡瑁、诸葛亮、周瑜、曹植都会写现代诗。其中,诸葛亮的《烈火歌》,就是《烈火三国》的主题歌。(董芳)

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