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高温、冰川缩减:报告称2016年连创极端气候纪录

2017-08-11 13:38:03   国际在线

中新网8月11日电 综合报道,根据科学家公布的最新报告,2016年,地球气候创下连串极端纪录,包括近代史上最热,海平面最高,以及南极和北极海冰量最低等等。

10日,美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)与美国气象学会公布了其年度报告。NOAA的气候科学家、报告的联合作者之一杰西卡·布兰登称,这个299页的报告,由世界各地的科学家共同撰写,显示2016年的气候“非常极端,令人担忧”。

研究人员将此称作人类行动导致气候变化的明确信号。此外,太平洋中部地区出现的创纪录的厄尔尼诺现象,导致全球气候发生变化,也是去年气候情况恶劣的一个重要因素。

科学家们研究了数十项关键气候指标,发现促成大气暖化的各种主要温室效应气体,包括二氧化碳、甲烷和氧化亚氮,排放量都创新高峰。80万年来大气中的二氧化碳浓度首次超过百万分之400,达到百万分之402.9。

全球气温已连续第三年创新纪录。冰川连续第37年缩小,格陵兰岛的冰盖在2016年失去了3410亿吨冰。同时,全球海平面连续第六年升高,创下了历史最高水平。

此外,各种极端天气事件显著增加。2016年全球共出现93个有名称的热带性风暴,比正常数字高出13%。

墨西哥和印度都出现空前高温。印度半岛北部和东部去年4月遭到长达一周的热浪侵袭,气温超过华氏111度(摄氏44度),造成300人丧生。

干旱也异常广泛,全球随时都有至少12%陆地严重干旱。在此同时,太平洋赤道一带的厄尔尼诺暖流,使一些地方异常潮湿。阿根廷、巴拉圭和乌拉圭一再洪水为患,东欧和中亚雨量也多于往常,加州则因此摆脱持续几年的干旱。

(原标题:高温、冰川缩减:报告称2016年连创极端气候纪录)

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