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借力信用体系让社会治理走得更好

2017-08-11 05:28:49   中国青年网

社会治理的重点是人,难点也是人。用大数据管人,用大数据规范人的行为,应该成为社会治理的突破口

□ 叶 泉

推动国家治理体系与治理能力现代化是摆在我们面前的一道待解的难题。治理不难理解,但所谓“现代化”就复杂多了,它既是一种符合现代治理精神的理念,同时也是一种运用现代科技的手段。事实上,现代信息技术、大数据、云计算为社会治理提供了很多方法,只是有时候我们的思维还没有完全跟上科技发展的脚步。

像北京、上海、广州、深圳这样人口输入型大城市,在社会治理方面有很多共性的难题。其中,如何有效地规范房屋租赁市场就考验着管理者的智慧与能力。近年来,大城市租房市场乱象丛生,利用租住房屋从事违法犯罪活动者有之,多人群租带来各种安全隐患的有之,而屡见报端的二房东、黑中介、奇葩租客乱象更是让人头痛不已。租房市场混乱不仅是社会治理的难点,从某种程度上也成了楼市高企的支点。

要解决这个问题,杭州有了新办法。8月9日,杭州住保房管局与阿里巴巴集团、蚂蚁金服集团就合作搭建智慧住房租赁监管服务平台举行了签约仪式。这个平台将实现住房租赁市场中企业、人员、房源、评价、信用等信息的全共享。

杭州的“智慧住房租赁监管服务平台”听上去很高端,其实并不难理解,支撑它的主要是阿里的技术力量和这些年来形成的信用体系。首先,阿里在淘宝商户管理上积累了大量的实人认证的经验,在这方面的能力很强,可以确保真实产权、真实存在、真实委托、真实价格、真实图片、真实信用、真实评价。同时,阿里也有一套自己的信用体系。近年来,芝麻信用在很多地方得到了认可,这套信用体系不但可以运用到租房市场中,而且还可以为租房市场各方建立新的租房信用体系。

租房市场之所以混乱主要原因在于房东、中介、租客各方彼此不信任,同时市场对各方行为又缺乏基本约束力,房东可以随意悔约、中介可以随意“黑人”,租客也可以把房子住成猪窝,在这个市场上各方都可以任性。而信用体系就是一种约束力,它让守信者走遍天下,失信者寸步难行。就像报道中说的,对芝麻信用高者有可能免除租房押金,而信用评分低的即使想付出高额押金也没人愿意租房给你。中介也一样,一次“黑人”可能终生“被黑”,没人找你租房,最终只能自动退出这个行业。

简单总结一下吧,杭州的“智慧住房租赁监管服务平台”的核心价值就是两点:一是利用大数据监管个人的行为。信息时代每个人的每一个行为都是要留痕的,没有人能够在大数据面前遁形。二是大胆地把信用体系运用于社会治理中,奖励守信者,惩罚失信者。

杭州“智慧住房租赁监管服务平台”可以启发我们对当前社会治理的思考。首先,社会治理的重点是人,难点也是人。用大数据管人,用大数据规范人的行为,应该成为社会治理的突破口。其次,社会治理要与社会力量形成合力。“智慧住房租赁监管服务平台”的基础是阿里的技术支持,这种支持可以节省大量政府的人力、物力和财力,而同时又能达到事半功倍的治理效果。最后,应该将信用体系建设与社会治理紧密结合,信用体系是对个人行为监管的有效方式之一,它能够从正反两方面推动行业和公众自觉地规范自己的行为,使其符合现代社会文明要求。相信借力信用体系,社会治理会走得更远、更好。

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