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天津大气污染防治工作取得明显进展 让蓝天更蓝

2017-08-10 10:17:52   

党的十八大以来——天津这五年北方网融媒体报道

天津北方网讯:虽然时下正值天气炎热,但对供热站来说却是维护设备或改造提升的好时机。连日来,坐落于中心城区的龙凤市场供热站正在进行锅炉改造。“去年我们完成了煤改燃一期工程,淘汰了部分燃煤锅炉,现在正进行二期的收尾,今年我们这里将全部淘汰燃煤锅炉。”供热站工作人员告诉记者。走进改燃后的供热站,新安装的环保型全预混冷凝燃气锅炉,使这里变得干净整洁,现在工作人员可以通过互联网对供热系统进行控制。“过去烧煤锅炉,我们个个像挖煤的,附近的居民都不敢开窗户。现在没有煤灰了,环境也美了,我们干活儿的心情也舒坦。”

5年来,本市全力推进燃煤设施改燃,累计关停淘汰了燃煤锅炉851座1539台,所有燃煤锅炉全部实现了煤改燃,到今年中心城区燃煤锅炉将全部实现“清零”。淘汰燃煤锅炉只是本市大气污染防治工作的一部分,自国务院大气污染防治十条措施发布后,本市紧密围绕空气质量改善目标,创新治污机制、提速治理进度、分解落实责任、严格执法执纪,使大气污染防治工作取得了明显进展。5年来,本市累计完成各类大气治理项目1496项,基本完成了“大气十条”目标任务。

针对产业结构和能源结构仍然是区域污染物排放量大的主因,本市加快结构调整步伐。在产业结构调整方面,依托“双城双港”整体布局,在企业搬迁调整的过程中同步实现产业转型升级,提前一年完成国家淘汰落后产能任务;关停淘汰落后污染危化企业749家;二产比重由2012年的51.7%下降至2016年的44.8%。在能源结构调整方面,在全市划定高污染燃料禁燃区;通过中心城区火电机组无煤化、改燃关停燃煤锅炉,2016年较2012年累计净削减燃煤980万吨,已基本完成“大气十条”减煤任务;全市煤炭占一次能源比例由2012年的54.5%下降至2016年的50%,工业天然气消费量由2012年的20亿立方米,增加到2016年的49.7亿立方米,增幅2.5倍,能源结构不断优化。

突出重点,扎实推进“五控”治理。在控煤方面,全市22套30万千瓦及以上煤电机组全部完成清洁化改造,2300万吨电煤达到燃气排放标准。全面治理农村和城市散煤,更换先进灶具86万套,提前一年完成了全市散煤治理任务。在控尘方面,严格落实施工工地围挡、苫盖、车辆冲洗、地面硬化和土方湿法作业“五个百分之百”扬尘控制标准,新增机扫洗路车1937辆。在控车方面,提前半年淘汰了全市29万辆黄标车。在控工业污染方面,累计实施487项重点行业工业污染治理项目,全市20万千瓦以上火电机组全部完成脱硫、脱硝和除尘治理。完成了176家汽车、制药、涂装等重点行业企业挥发性有机物治理或关停,以及824座加油站和9座大型储油库油气回收治理。在控新建项目方面,所有新建、扩建项目,全部严格落实二氧化硫、氮氧化物和挥发性有机物排放总量倍量替代。

不断创新体制机制,综合运用“四种”治污手段,“倒逼”治污减排。在法律手段方面,修订实施了《天津市大气污染防治条例》,实施了按日计罚等20项执法配套文件,有效地打击和震慑了各类环境违法行为。在经济手段方面,大幅度提高了SO2等4种污染物排污收费标准,实施了扬尘排污收费制度,提高烟粉尘排污收费标准,对石油化工和包装印刷试点行业开征挥发性有机物排污费,差别化收费,奖优罚劣;通过“以奖代补”“以奖促治”“定额补助”等方式,加大政府投入,强化大气污染。在科技手段方面,对252家废气排放企业安装在线监测,实现全市燃煤污染源在线监测全覆盖;全市1178个土石方工地、235个工业企业堆场实现扬尘在线监测和视频监控全覆盖;对全市19家重点企业、84个排口实现挥发性有机物在线监测。在行政手段方面,实施了《天津市清新空气行动考核和责任追究办法》及补充办法,采取考核奖惩、通报整改、公开约谈、区域限批等方式,严格落实党政同责,确保治污措施落实到位。(“津云”—北方网编辑侯静)

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