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今年以来全国臭氧污染明显加重,咋回事?

2017-08-08 13:38:44   新华网

新华网北京8月7日电(记者 曹滢)中国环境监测总站发布的信息显示,2017年,全国臭氧超标率明显增加,峰值浓度出现明显抬升。

中国环境监测总站大气室高级工程师孟晓艳接受《环境与生活》杂志记者采访时说,从2013年以来,三大重点区域(京津冀、长三角、珠三角)中,京津冀和长三角臭氧浓度有显著的逐年上升趋势,特别是2017年上升最为显著;珠三角在2013年至2016年的前5个月的臭氧污染总体平稳,但2017年有大幅上升。今年前5个月,全国338城市臭氧日最大8小时浓度同比上升的主要是南方城市,但北方多个城市也出现臭氧浓度大幅上升现象。

数据图来源:中国环境监测总站

孟晓艳说,从污染物浓度对空气质量综合指数贡献量的影响来看,2017年1至5月京津冀的首要污染物第一是PM2.5,第二是臭氧;珠三角和长三角首要污染物第一都是臭氧。2013年至2017年前5个月全国臭氧超标城市数量明显增加,说明2017年臭氧污染比前几年有所提前,全国臭氧超标率明显增加,峰值浓度也出现明显抬升。

环保部上月发布的2017年上半年338城市空气质量数据也显示,6种主要污染物中,臭氧日最大8小时平均浓度指标上升幅度最大。

数据图来源:中国环境监测总站

由北京大学统计科学中心与北京大学光华管理学院近日完成的第四份关于国内重点区域空气质量状况评估报告也指出,京津冀区域全年8小时臭氧浓度在2016年均超过70微克/立方米,其中夏季均超过107微克/立方米。8小时臭氧浓度在2017年春季又比2016年同期在三个区域均升高了7.5%以上。报告指出,“这说明在PM2.5相对较低的夏季,京津冀又开始面临臭氧污染的困局。”

但孟晓艳也认为,从污染物浓度对空气质量的影响来看,虽然臭氧的贡献量在逐年上升,但PM2.5和PM10对综合指数的贡献仍然大于臭氧。

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